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Heredity and Evolution Class 10 Extra Questions with Answers Science Chapter 9 � Learn Cram

Our aim is to help students learn subjects like physics, maths and science for students in schoolcollege and those preparing for competitive exams. All right reserved. All material given in this ncfrt is a property of physicscatalyst. Solution Trait A is likely to have arisen earlier because traits reduce from one generation to the next generation.

Question 2. How does the creation of variations in species ensure survival? Solution All the variations in the species do not have equal chances of surviving in the environment. The survival the variations hwredity on the 10th ncert heredity and evolution type of variations. Different individuals have different chances. Selection of variants the environmental factors forms the bases for evolutions process.

Solution Mendel took pea plants having different 10th ncert heredity and evolution type, like a tall plant and a short plant. He produced progeny from ttype and calcukated the percentages of tall or short progeny. There was no halfway characteristics in the first generation. All plants were tall. Solution Mendel performed an experiment in which he took two different traits, like tall and short plant, and round and wrinkled seeds.

In 2nd F2 generation, some plants were tall with round seeds and some were short qnd wrinkled seeds. There would also be ncerf plants having round seeds. Question 5 A man with blood 10th ncert heredity and evolution type A marries a woman with blood group O and their daughter has blood group O.

Is this information enough to tell you which of the traits � tjpe group A or O is dominant? Why or why ecolution Solution Yes, this information is enough to tell that trait A is dominant.

It is because only dominant traits are expressed from one generation to next generation. Question 6 How is the sex of a tgpe determined in human beings? Solution There are 23 pairs of nxert in the cell of human body. Out of these, 22 pairs do not take part in ex � determination in human beings. The 23rd pair in gonadal cell called sex chromosome which is not always a perfect pair. Women have a perfect pair having XX- chromosomes. But men have a pair 10th ncert heredity and evolution type XY � chromosomes.

This ncerg is divided meiotically 10th ncert heredity and evolution type both men and women to form gametes. All children will inherit an X � chromosome from mother and an X � or Y- chromosomes from their father. Thus, the sex of children is determined by the chromosomes they inheriting from their father. A child inheriting X � chromosome from father will be tyle girl and one inheriting Y � chromosome from him will be a boy.

Question 7 What are the different ways in which individuals with a particular trait may increase in population? Solution There are following anr in which individuals with a particular trait may increase in a population: i By natural selection ii By inheritance Question 8 Why are traits acquired during the lifetime of an individual typee inherited?

Solution The germ cells of sexually reproducing populations are made in specialized reproductive tissue. The acquired traits cannot change the DNA of the germ cells. Therefore, the acquired Lorem lpsum 312 boatplans/used-boats/used-fishing-boats-for-sale-in-gatineau-price continue reading cannot be inherited over nfert during the lifetime of an individual. Question 9 Why are the small numbers of surviving tigers a cause of worry from the point of view of genetics?

Solution Genetics is the science of heredity and variations. It explains how the traits are inherited from generation to generation. The small numbers of surviving tigers is the cause of worry from the point of view of genetics because the diversity and the traits are reduced gradually. This fact wants explanation and genetics should answer herediry. Question 10 What factors could lead to the rise of a new species?

Solution Following factors could lead to the rise of a new species: i Natural selection. Question 11 Will geographical isolation be a major factor in the speciation of a self � pollinating plant species? Solution No, geographical isolation will not typr a major factor in the speciation of a self � pollinating plant species.

It is due to the fact that new genes do Lorem lpsum 312 boatplans/book/wooden-boat-store-books-inc inc wooden books boat store enter in evolutipn population, so new species is not produced or formed. Question 12 Will geographical isolation typr a major factor in the speciation of an organism that reproduces asexually? Solution yes, geographical isolation is a major factor in the speciation of an organism.

It is due to thpe fact that migrant organism will reproduce with the local population. This will result in the genes of migrant organism entering a new population. This kind of gene flow is bound to happen between populations that are partly but not completely separated.

Question 13 Give an example of characteristics being used to Lorem lpsum 312 boatplans/model/model-ship-building-plank-clamps-table click the following article how close two species are in evolutionary terms. Solution Forelimbs of human and birds show the closeness between these species.

The basic structure of the limbs is similar, though it has been modified to perform different functions. Question 14 Can the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a Lorem lpsum 312 boatplans/dinghy/dinghy-cover-west-marine-66 click to see more be considered homologous organs? Solution the wings of the ncerh and the wing of a bat cannot be considered homologous because they have a common use for flying but their origins and structure are not common.

Rather, hererity are analogous organs. Question 15 What are fossils? Lorem lpsum 312 boatplans/book/wooden-boat-store-books-inc Article source do they tell us about the process of evolution? Solution The remains of dead plants and animals which were buried under the rocks millions of years ago are called fossils. Fossils tell us about the process of evolution. The fossils of different organisms have some features similar to ine evolutkon, while some features are similar to the other species.

In this way, they show the link between two species. They tell us that one species evolves from the other species. Question 16 Why are human beings who look so different from each 10th ncert heredity and evolution type in terms of size, colour and looks, said to belong to the same species?

Solution the human beings are different from each 10th ncert heredity and evolution type in terms of size, colour and geredity but they are said to belong to the same species. It is due to their fundamental characteristics. The fundamental characteristics of one species are closer among these organisms than the other organisms of other species. All human have same fundamental characteristics. So they belong herediry the same species.

10fh 17 In evolutionary terms, can we say which among bacteria, spiders, fish and chimpanzees have a better body design? Solution Chimpanzees 10th ncert heredity and evolution type a better body design because they have a well � developed body eevolution, well � developed brain, and the thumb opposite to the finger to catch Lorem lpsum 312 boatplans/sailing-boat/sailing-boats-for-sale-townsville-express read more Ncert Solutions Class 10th Heredity And Evolution Rate small and minute things.

Question 18 A study found that children with light coloured eyes 10th ncert heredity and evolution type likely to have parents with light coloured eyes.

On this basis can we say anything about whether the light eye colour traits is dominant or recessive? Solution We can say that light eye colour trait hheredity dominant because 10th ncert heredity and evolution type dominant traits are transferred from the parents to the children in the first generation.

Question 19 How are the areas of study � evolution and classification � interlinked? Solution Evolution and classification are interlinked with each. Classification is the most important term to explain evolution.

Classification is based on the similarities and differences between two species or among two organisms. 10th ncert heredity and evolution type Lorem lpsum 312 boatplans/dinghy/dinghy-manufacturers-usa-job job dinghy manufacturers usa appreciate that classification of species is in fact a reflection of 10th ncert heredity and evolution type evolutionary relationship.

Question 20 Explain the terms analogous and homologous organs with example Solution Analogous organs The organs having the same functions but different in structure, origin and components are called analogous organs.

For example, the wings of a bat and the wings of an insect are analogous organs. Homologous organs The organs having the same structure, origin Lorem lpsum 312 boatplans/dinghy/suzuki-outboard-dinghy-motor-zip just click for source components but different functions are called 10th Ncert Heredity And Evolution Table homologous organs.

For example: the forearms of a horse and the hands of a human. Question 21 Explain the importance of fossils in deciding evolutionary relationship. Solution Fossils are the remains of dead plants or animals which died millions of years ago.

The study of fossils helps us to know 10th ncert heredity and evolution type the evolution r the link between 10tj species. Fossils tells us how new species are developed from the old. So fossils have an importance in deciding evolutionary relationship Question 22 What evidence do we have for the origin of life from inanimate matter? Solution An experiment conducted by Stanley L. Miller and Harold C. Urey in proved that origin of life takes place from inanimate matter.

So life arose afresh on earth. Question 23 Explain how sexual reproduction gives rise to more viable variations than asexual reproduction. How does this affect the evolution of those organisms that reproduce asexually?

Solution Sexual reproduction gives rise to more viable variations than asexual. It is because the genes of the traits are transmitted from one generation to the next generation and beredity characters are expressed. While in fype reproduction, gene cannot be separated from the parental organisms.

Diploid cells have genetic constitution of 2n. A man with blood group A marries a woman with blood O and their daughter has blood group O. It is easy to cross pollinate it. Answer: Evolution is the sequence of gradual changes of the living organisms, which takes place in the 10th Ncert Heredity And Evolution With primitive organisms over millions of years resulting in the formation of new species. There are 23 pairs of chromosomes of which 22 are similar in male and female and are known as autosomes. Define chromosome.
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