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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 in PDF for

Science textbook of Class 10th deals with chqpter disciplines such as Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Environmental Science as integrated. However, as per the examination point of view, we can divide this book into three parts Physics, Chemistry and Biology. Environment Science part is covered in the Biology syllabus.

You can select your desired chapter from the list and start your learning. As previously stated, Environment Science part class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 inc covered in the Biology syllabus.

So we have total three subjects in Science subject, Physics, Chemistry and Biology. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science will introduce you to the basic concepts of the chapters as the questions are given that check your all round understanding of the chapter. You can get ahead of your competitors through these solutions. You also need to pay attention to time management to get good numbers.

To divide this you should divide each topic according to time. Give more and more time to that topic in which you are weak. We often do not give full time to repeat the topics that come to us.

It is necessary that you understand the chapter inv and then proceed. Many times what happens is that you go to the exam by rote learning and if the question in the blok gets a little different then there is panic.

In such a situation, if you understand the chapter concepts, then you will be ready to answer in every way. The first unit has total five chapters. The first chapter is about the chemical reactions and equations in which we will learn about how to write chemical equations and balance. Also, we will learn about the various types of chemical reactions.

In the second chapter, we will learn about the various types of acids, bases and salts and their reactions with metals and non-metals. The third chapter will take us to the world of metals and non-metals where we will learn about their properties and reactions among. The fourth flass is about the class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 inc and its compounds where we will learn about the properties of carbons and chemical substances containing carbon.

In the fifth chapter, we will learn about the classification of elements and their evolution. The Second unit consists of four chapters that are from sixth to ninth. The sixth chapter is about the various life processes which human need for their survival.

In the seventh chapter, we will talk about the parts of the human body which are engaged in control and coordination activities. The eighth chapter deals with reproduction activities in unicellular and multicellular organisms. The ninth chapter, we class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 inc learn how the offsprings look alike. The third unit is How things works which have four chapters.

In class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 inc tenth chapter, we will learn about light and its phenomena reflection and refraction in a detailed manner.

The eleventh chapter is about bpok human eye and some optical phenomena in nature. The twelfth chapter deals bcert the electricity in which we will learn electric circuit and resistance. In the thirteenth chapter, magnetic effects of electric current and its applications. The fourth unit has three chapters in it.

The fourteenth chapters talk about the various sources of energy such as conventional and non-conventional sources. The fifteenth chapter is about our environment in which we will learn about the eco-systems, food chains and how human activities contribute in degrading its quality. The last chapter is about the conservation of natural class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 inc. Nert previous classes, students were introduced to physical and chemical changes.

The chemical changes signify the chemical reactions. The indicators of chemical reactions are explained with some indicators like change in physical state, change in color, change in temperature and evolution of gas. These are explained with some experimental examples. After that writing of chemical equation has been explained. It is symbolic representation of chemical reactions.

Also, it has been explained that how such equations can be more informative. For example, balancing a chemical equation will signify that the chemical reactions follow law of conservation of mass. Other information like physical states and conditions required for reactions are mentioned. After that various types of chemical reactions are explained are discussed. The types of chemical reactions are �combination reaction, decomposition reaction, displacement reaction, double decomposition reaction.

On basis of energy, exothermic and endothermic reactions are mentioned. Redox reactions are explained which are combination of reduction reaction and oxidation reaction. Chapetr types of reactions are explained acience suitable example with their respective chemical equation. Chapter 2 - Acid, Base and Salts Acid and bases are studied in earlier classes.

Acids are defined as substances which are sour in taste and turn blue litmus red. Examples of acids are sour fruits like, Bases are defined as substances which are bitter in taste and turns red litmus blue.

Examples of bases are neem, clove, vinegar. Here, acids and bases are defined chemically. Bases are chemically those substances which generate OH- ions in aqueous solutionIf not they are weak acids. After that, various chemical and olfactory indicators are discussed; this indicates the presence of acids or base in the solution. Bases are said to be strong if whole of them get dissociated in water to form OH- ions. For class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 inc, Methyl orange is a chemical indicator.

It turns red in acidic solution and yellow in basic solution. Olfactory indicators are indicators which changes odor after coming in contact with acid and base. For example, smell of clove vanishes when kept in contact with acid. After that acids and bases reactions are discussed with metals, metal oxides and metal carbonates. Reactions between acids and bases are also discussed. They are known as neutralization reactions.

Salt is class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 inc of the products formed by acid, base reaction. The various types of salts are discussed based on the strength of acid or base. The pH scale Indicates if the solution is acidic, basic our neutral. It is an scale from So, is acidic, 7 is neutral, basic solution. Universal indicator is a mixture of several indicators.

Chloro-alkali process is performed of salt solution. The various chemical substances are formed after reactions, directly or in-directly are used for various process. Their formation and uses are explained in this chapter. Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-Metals The chapter 100 with physical properties of metals and non-metals. The parameters discussed are some physical properties, like melting and boiling points, physical state at room temperature, ductility, malleability, tensile strength.

The metals and non �metals are differentiated on the basis of physical properties. But there are some expectations based on physical properties. For example iodine is non-metal but has lustrous appearance as metal. Mercury is metal but liquid at room temperature.

There are more such exceptions. Therefore, classification of metals and non-metals, are based on chemical properties. Chemical reactions of metals with oxygen gas, water, acids and other metal class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 inc are discussed. The reactions and their condition depends upon the reactivity series. The metals on top of reactivity series are sodium and Potassium. They perform vigorous reactions.

Nature of metallic oxides is discussed. Generally Metal oxides are basic in nature. But, some of them like aluminum oxide and zinc oxide can be both acidic and basic and hence known as amphoteric oxides. After that how such reactions takes place is discussed. Ionic bond formation is discussed. Such bond formation can be represented in two forms. Electrons are loosed by metals and gained by 10thh.

One get positively charged and another get negatively charged. They get attracted and a class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 inc bond is formed. The first one is electronic configuration.

The bond formation is discussed through Bohr boko. Another method is Lewis structure or electron-dot structure. The metals and non-metals are written with chaper symbol and dots.

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Question 4. Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles? Answer: Convex mirrors give a virtual, erect, and diminished image of the objects placed in front of them. They are preferred as a rear-view mirror in vehicles because they give a wider field of view, which allows the driver to see most of the traffic behind him. Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32 cm.

A concave mirror produces three times magnified enlarged real image of object placed at 10 cm in front of it. A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Answer: The light ray bends towards the normal. When a ray of light travels from an optically rarer medium to an optically denser medium, it gets bent towards the normal.

Since water is optically denser than air, a ray of light travelling from air into the water will bend towards the normal. Light enters from air to glass having refractive index 1. Answer: Refractive index of a medium nm is given by,. Find out, from Table, the medium having highest optical density. A medium which has the highest refractive index will have the highest optical density and vice-versa.

It can be observed from table Therefore, diamond has the highest optical density and air has the lowest optical density. You are given kerosene, turpentine and water.

Answer: The light can travel fast through water. Question 5. The refractive index of diamond is 2. This suggests that the speed of light in diamond will reduce by a factor 2. Define one dioptre of power of a lens? Answer: One dioptre is the power Of a lens Of focal length 1m. Power of lens is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length.

It is denoted by D. A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of 50 cm from it. Where is the needle placed in front of the lens if the image is equal to the size of the object?

Also find the power of the lens. The position of image should be double the focal length. Hence, the object should be at 2f. Find the power of a concave lens of focal length 2 m.

Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens? Where should an object b. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of 15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be: a both concave b both convex c the mirror is concave, but the lens is convex d the mirror is convex, but the lens is concave Answer: a Both concave. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your Image appears erect.

The mirror is likely to be a plane b concave c convex d Either plane or convex Answer: d Either plane or convex. Question 6. Question 7. We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. For getting an erect image using a concave mirror, the object should be placed at a distance less than the focal length.

The image formed will be virtual, enlarged and erect. Question 8. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations. Answer: a Concave mirror, to get powerful and parallel beams of light.

Question 9. One half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Answer: Yes, even when one half of the lens is covered with a black paper, complete image of the object will be formed. Take a convex lens and focus the light from a distant Class 10th Ncert Science Book Chapter 1 Questions object onto a screen. As expected an image sharp is formed at a distance equal to the focal length Cover the lower or the upper half of the lens and focus the light from the same object onto the same screen.

You will be able to get a sharp image again; however the brightness of the image will be less in the second case. The same effect w,ll be seen even if the lens is half covered with black strips. Question An object 5cm in length is held 25cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10 cm.

Draw a ray diagram and find the position, size and the nature of the image formed. It is real and inverted, and smaller in size than the object.

How far is the object placed from the Pens? An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Answer: This means that size of the image is equal to the size of the object.

An object 5. Find the position of the image nature and size. An object of size 7. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed, so that a sharp focused image can be obtained? Find the focal length of a lens of power Hold a highly polished steel spoon curved inwards close to your face and move it slowly away from your face.

What will you observe? When the spoon is at a small distance from the face such that, the object lies between pole and focus of concave mirror, so an enlarged and erect image of your face will be observed but as the spoon is slowly moved away from the face, the image becomes smaller and appears inverted.

No matter Class 10th Ncert Science Book Chapter 1 Min how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be [NCERT] a plane b concave c convex d either plane or convex Answer: d Plane mirrors and convex mirrors always form the erect images. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. An object AB is placed in front of a convex lens at its centre of curvature as shown in figure below. Four students traced the path of light ray after refraction through the lens.

Which one of them is correct? The image formed is real and inverted. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each of a focal length cm. The mirror and lens are likely to be [NCERT] a both concave b both convex c mirror is concave and lens is convex d mirror is convex and lens is concave Answer: a The focal length is taken as negative for both concave mirror and concave lens. Which of the following can make a parallel beam of light when light from a point source is incident on it?

Under which of the following conditions, a concave mirror can form an image larger than the actual object? A light ray enters from medium A to medium Bas shown in the figure. So, it has greater refractive index and lesser velocity of light w. So, refractive index of medium B w.

Figure shows a ray of light as it travels from medium A to medium B. Beams of light are incident through the holes A and B and emerge out of box through the holes C � and D respectively, as Box shown in the figure.

Which of the following could be inside the box? Therefore, a rectangular glass slab could be inside the box as the extent of bending of light ray at the opposite parallel faces AB air-glass interface and CD glass-air interface of the rectangular glass slab are equal and opposite.

All the books are updated for new academic session Class 10 Geography Contemporary India � II textbooks are given below in English medium updated for new academic session Download books here and for solutions move to class 10 Social Science solutions page. All the books are given in PDF file format. Class 10 Economics Understanding Economic Development textbooks for high school in English medium are given below to download in PDF format updated for new academic session Download all Chapters of 10th English � First Flight for academic session Workbook, assignment, grammar and other contents related to Class 10 English are given below.

Chapters or Words and Expression are as follows. List of Drama and Novels for class 10 English are given below. Now these are not in main course. Student may read at own interest only. If you are facing any problem in downloading the contents, please call us for help. All the three chapters of Class 10 Hindi Textbook � Sanchayan are given below to download in PDF updated for new academic session Sanskrit can be opted as the third language in class 10 CBSE exams.

If you are facing any problem to download these books and solutions, please contact us for help. The same books is given for both Standard or Basic Maths. If you want to download other 10th Ncert Science Book Class 10 Chapter 1 subjects books like 10th Maths, Social Science, English, Hindi, Urdu then you can also download them from links provided on this page.

Read them thoroughly and solve all the questions at the end of every chapter. It is also important to solve all the model and previous year question papers. In this way, you will understand what is more important from the exam point of view, and then, you can finish those topics more effectively. However, we are not suggesting to skip any topic. Candidates can also download the e-books from Embibe.

To improve your scores, you should solve practice questions and take mock tests. The tests offered at Embibe will help you in managing your time in an efficient manner. After taking the Class 10 mock tests, your confidence will increase and you will do fewer mistakes during the board exam.

If you have any queries, post them in the comment box below. We will get back to you at the earliest. Explore Embibe to have an online learning experience that is user friendly! Support: support embibe.

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