Wine bottle vessel rentals will be orderly upon the half-day or full-day substructure. Paddleboats or the fishing vessel could be rented upon a H2O play ground. A total one after another to rise until a conflict of a US Onslaught of Autonomy in 1776 when imports had been averaging turn forty 4 million lbs per yr! Utterly simply, that hopefully will substantially be mitigated over time.
Question 9 State which of the following metals would give hydrogen when added to dilute hydrochloric acid. Iron, ii. Copper iii. Magnesium Copper does not react with dilute hydrochloric acid at all. This shows that copper is even less reactive than iron.
Question 10 Name a non-metallic element, which conducts electricity. Solution: Carbon in the form of graphite conducts electricity, as there is a free electron in each carbon atom, which moves freely in between the hexagonal layers.
Question 11 Which metals do not corrode easily? Solution: Gold and platinum and other noble metals do not corrode in air. Question 12 What are alloys? Solution: Alloys are homogeneous mixtures of two or more metals, or a metal and a non-metal. Question 13 Define the following terms. Example: Alums, K 2 SO 4.
Bauxite Al 2 O 3. All minerals are not ores but all ores are minerals. The impurity of sand and rock materials present in the ore is known as gangue. Question 14 Name two metals that are found in nature in the free state. Solution: Gold and platinum are found in the free state in nature. Question 15 What is chemical process used for obtaining a metal from its oxide? Question 16 Name two metals, which can form hydrides with metals. Solution: Sodium and calcium form stable hydrides on reacting with hydrogen.
Question 17 Does every mineral have a definite and a fixed composition? Solution: Yes, every mineral has a definite and a fixed composition. These minerals are formed as a result of chemical changes taking place during the formation of earth.
Class 10 metals and nonmetals Question 18 Explain the meaning of malleable and ductile. Ductile is being able to be drawn into thin wires. Question 19 i. Write the electron dot structures for sodium, oxygen and magnesium. Show the formation of MgO and Na 2 O by the transfer of electrons. What are the ions present in these compounds? Formation of Magnesium oxide When magnesium reacts with oxygen, the magnesium atom transfers its two outermost electrons to an oxygen atom.
Formation of Sodium oxide Two sodium atoms transfer their 2 outermost electrons to an oxygen atom. And by gaining two electrons, the oxygen atom forms an oxide ion O Question 20 You must have seen tarnished copper vessels being cleaned with lemon or tamarind juice.
Solution: The sour substances such as lemon or tamarind juice contain acids. These acids dissolve the coating of copper oxide or basic copper carbonate present on the surface of tarnished copper vessels and make them shining red-brown again.
Question 21 Give an example of a metal which i. Mercury is in liquid state at room temperature. Sodium and potassium are soft metals which can be easily cut with a knife. Silver is the best conductor of electricity. Mercury is a poor conductor of heat. Question 22 Why is sodium kept immersed in kerosene? Solution: Sodium metal is kept immersed in kerosene to prevent their reaction with oxygen, moisture and carbon dioxide of air. Question 23 Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?
Solution: These compounds are made up of positive and negative ions. There is a strong force of attraction between the oppositively charged ions, so a lot of heat energy is required to break this force of attraction and melt the ionic compounds.
This is why ionic compounds have high melting points. Question 24 A man went door to door posing as a goldsmith. The lady was upset but after a futile argument the man beat a hasty retreat. Can you play the detective to find out the nature of the solution he had used? Solution: Aqua regia By volume, this contains 3 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 1 part of concentrated nitric acid is the solution, which is used to sparkle the bangles like new, but their weight will be reduced drastically.
Question 25 Write equations for the reactions of i iron with water ii calcium and potassium with water Solution:. Question 26 What would you observe when zinc is added to a sodium of iron II sulphate? Write the chemical reaction that takes place? Solution: Zinc is more reactive more electro positive than iron. Therefore it displaces iron from its salt solution.
The colour of ferrous sulphate is pale green which Ncert Solutions Class 10th Chemistry Chapter 4 Math becomes colourless. Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 27 Pratyush took sulphur powder on a spatula and heated it. He collected the gas evolved by inverting a test-tube over the burning sulphur.
What will be the action of this gas on: Dry litmus paper? Moist litmus paper? Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction taking place. Solution: a When sulphur is brunt in air then sulphur dioxide gas is formed.
Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 1. Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 2. He placed an iron strip in each of them. In which test tube, he found a brown deposit? Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 3.
Aluminium sulphate and copper sulphate solutions were taken in two test tubes I and II respectively. A few pieces of iron filings were then added to both the solutions.
The four students A, B, C and D recorded their observations in the form of a table as given below:. Which student has recorded the correct observation? Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 4. Metal pieces of iron and zinc were dropped in the two solutions and observations made after several hours were recorded in the form of table as given below:. Which student has given the correct report? Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 5. HCl, cone. HNO 3 and a mixture of cone.
HCl and cone. A small piece of metal was put in each test tube. HNO 3 in the ratio of 3 : 1 is known as aqua-regia. Gold Au and platinum Pt dissolve only in aqua-regia as these metals are very less reactive. Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 6. As aluminium is more reactive than iron, it displaces iron from ferrous sulphate solution.
Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 7. Aluminium is used for making cooking utensils. Which of the following properties of aluminium are responsible for the same? Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 8.
If copper is kept open in air, it slowly loses its shining brown surface and gains a green coating. Metals and Non-Metals There 92 well known naturally occurring minerals of which 70 are metals and rest 20 are the non-metals.
Protective metal oxide layer prevents the metal from further oxidation such as found in Al, Zn, Pb etc. HC1 to evolve H 2 gas. Reaction with Solutions of other Metal Salts.
Reactive metals can displace less reactive metals from their compounds in solution or molten state. At some places, minerals contain a very high percentage of a particular metal and the metal can be profitably extracted from it. These minerals arc called ores. Corrosion Corrosion is the deterioration of materials by chemical interaction with their environment for e. Prevention: The rusting of iron can be prevented by painting, oiling, greasing, galvanising, chrome plating, anodising or making alloys.
Enrichment of Ores Ores mined from the earth are usually contaminated with large amounts of impurities such as soil, sand, etc. The impurities must be removed from the ore prior to the extraction of the metal.
The processes used for removing the gangue from the ore are based on the differences between physical or chemical properties of the gangue and the ore. Extraction of Metals. The metals are deposited at the cathode whereas chlorine is liberated at anode. Now that you are provided all the necessary information regarding NCERT solutions for class 10 science chapter 3 Metals and Non Metals and we hope this detailed article on metal and nonmetal class 10 notes is helpful.
If you find any doubts regarding this article or NCERT solutions for class 10 science chapter 3 Metals and Non Metals, leave your comments in the comment section below and we will get back to you as soon as possible. What happens when metals react with water? What happens when metals react with acids? Question 2 Name two metals which Ncert Solutions Class 10th Chemistry Chapter 3 Journal are found in nature in the free state.
Answer: Gold and platinum Question 3 What chemical process is used for obtaining a metal from its oxide. Zinc oxide 2. Magnesium oxide 3. Copper oxide In which cases will you find displacement reactions taking place? The displacement will take place in the following cases : Metal Zinc Magnesium Copper 1. Zinc oxide � Displacement � 2. Magnesium oxide � � � 3. Copper oxide Displacement Displacement � Question 2 Which metals do not corrode easily? Answer: Gold and Platinum. Answer: Ways to prevent rusting of iron are : a By painting b By galvanizing Question Solution: Question 8 Explain why the surface of some metals acquires a dull appearance when exposed to air for a long time.
Solution: ii. Question 25 Write equations for the reactions of i iron with water ii calcium and potassium with water Solution: Question 26 What would you observe when zinc is added to a sodium of iron II sulphate?
Black deposit Which student has given the correct report? So, ii Zn is more reactive than Fe, so it displaces iron as follows: Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 5. They do not have shining surface except iodine. These are soft and can be cut with knife. Generally soft except diamond hardest natural substance State Exist as solids except mercury.
Exist as solids or gases except bromine. Malleability Can be beaten into thin sheets. Non-malleable Ductility Can be drawn into thin wires. Poor conductor of heat and electricity except graphite. Sonorous Produce sound on striking a hard surface.
Not sonorous Oxides Metallic oxides are basic in nature. Non-metallic oxides are acidic in nature. Reaction between Metals and Non Metals Reactivity of an element can be explained as tendency to attain a completely filled outermost shell.
Metals have 1, 2 or 3 e- in outermost shell and thus it is easier for them to loss e- rather than to gain. The compounds fonned by the transfer of electrons from metal to non-non-metal are known as ionic compounds or electrovalent compound. Ca: reacts less violently. Mg: reacts with hot water. Reaction with Solutions of other Metal Salts Reactive metals can displace less reactive metals from their compounds in solution or molten state.
An, Ag. The oxides of these metals can be reduced to metals by heating alone. The sulphide ores are converted into oxides by heating strongly in the presence of excess air which is known as roasting. The carbonate ores are changed into oxides by heating strongly in limited air which is known as calcination.
Concept insight: The key to this answer is that what type of metals will exist in free state. The chemical process used for obtaining a metal from its oxide is reduction. In this process, metal oxides are reduced by using suitable reducing agents such as carbon or by highly reactive metals to displace the metals from their oxides.
For example, zinc oxide is reduced to metallic zinc by heating with carbon. Concept insight: The key to this answer is that the conversion of metal oxide to metal is a reduction of metal oxide.
Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-metals Exercise 55 Solution 1. Less reactive metals i. For example - gold. Concept insight: More reactive a metal is, more likely it is to be corroded. Less reactive a metal is, less likely it is to get corroded. Alloys are homogeneous mixtures of two or more elements.
The elements could be two metals, or a metal and a non-metal. For example, steel is an alloy of iron and carbon. Concept insight: For answering this question, write the comnplete definition of alloys with all the key words - homogeneous mixture, two or more elements.
Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-metals Exercise 56 Solution 1. However, in case of iron frying pan, grease and paint cannot be applied because when the pan will be heated and washed again and again, the coating of grease and paint would get destroyed. Concept insight: The key to this answer is to find which oxide has a high melting point and is also soluble in water. Concept insight: Food cans are coated with tin and not with zinc because zinc is more reactive than tin.
Similarly, we can use the battery, bulb, wires, and a switch to set up a circuit with the sample. If the sample conducts electricity, then it is a metal otherwise a non-metal. These tests are based on physical properties and no chemical reactions are involved in these tests.
Concept insight: A hammer can be used to test whether the element is malleable or not. If it can be beaten into thin sheets, it is malelable. Most metals are malleable. Similarly, most metals are good conductors of electricity. So, a battery, bulb, wires, and a switch can be used to set up a circuit.
Those oxides that behave as both acidic and basic oxides are called amphoteric oxides. They react with both acids as well as bases to form salts and water.
Examples: aluminium oxide Al 2 O 3 , zinc oxide ZnO Concept insight: In this answer, you should write the definition of amphoteric oxide.
Remember that it shows the properties of both acidic and basic oxides. Metals that are more reactive than hydrogen displace it from dilute acids.
For example: sodium and potassium. Metals that are less reactive than hydrogen do not displace it. For example: copper and silver. Concept insight: For this question, remember that a displacement reation will take place if a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its salt solution. Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-metals Exercise 57 Solution 8. So, Anode will be impure. Also, since sulphur is a non- metal it will turn wet blue litmus paper red.
Two ways to prevent the rusting of iron are: i Oiling, greasing, or painting: By applying oil, grease, or paint, the surface becomes water proof and the moisture and oxygen present in the air cannot come into direct contact with iron. Hence, rusting is prevented. Concept insight: For answering this question, mention any two ways for prevention of rusting. Answer Non-metals combine with oxygen to form acidic or neutral oxides.
Also, they are very less reactive and do not corrode easily. Therefore, they are kept immersed in kerosene oil in order to prevent their contact with air and moisture. This is because aluminium reacts with oxygen present in air to form a thin layer of aluminium oxide.
This oxide layer is very stable and prevents further reaction of aluminium with oxygen. Also, it is light in weight and a good conductor of heat. Hence, it is used to make cooking utensils. First read the question carefully, think about the answer and then explain. Copper reacts with moist carbon dioxide in air to form copper carbonate and as a result, copper vessel loses its shiny brown surface forming a green layer of copper carbonate.
The citric acid present in the lemon or tamarind neutralises the basis copper carbonate and dissolves the layer. That is why, tarnished copper vessels are cleaned with lemon or tamarind juice to give the surface of the copper vessel its characteristic lustre.
Concept insight: For answering this question, recall that tarnishing is corrosion, how is corrosion caused and how can lemon or tamarind juice remove corrosion. Metal non-metal Metals are electropositive. Non-metals are electronegative. They react with oxygen to form basic oxides. They react with water to form oxides and hydroxides. Some metals react with cold water, some with hot water, and some with steam.
They react with dilute acids to form a salt and evolve hydrogen gas. He must have dipped the gold metal in the solution of aqua regia - a mixture of conc. HCl and conc. HNO 3. Aqua regia is a fuming, highly corrosive liquid. It dissolves gold in it. After dipping the gold ornaments in aqua regia, the outer layer of gold gets dissolved and the inner shiny layer appears. That is why, the weight of gold ornaments reduced.
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