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NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids and Bases

Science textbook of Class 10th deals with the disciplines such as Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Environmental Science as integrated. However, as per the examination point of view, we can divide this book into three chalter Physics, Chemistry and Biology. Environment Science part is covered in the Biology syllabus. You can select your desired chapter from the list and start your learning.

As previously stated, Environment Science ncert solutions of class 10th chemistry chapter 2 year is covered in the Biology syllabus. So we have total three subjects in Science ncert solutions of class 10th chemistry chapter 2 year, Physics, Chemistry and Biology.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science will introduce you to the basic concepts of the chapters as the questions are given that check your all round understanding of the chapter. You can get ahead of your competitors through these solutions. You also need to pay attention to time management to get good numbers. To divide this you should divide each topic according to time. Give more and more time to that topic ncert solutions of class 10th chemistry chapter 2 year which you are weak.

We often do not give full time to repeat the topics that come to us. It is necessary that you understand the chapter first and then proceed. Many times what happens is that you go to the exam by rote learning and if the question in the paper gets a little different then there is panic. In such a situation, if you understand the chapter concepts, then you will be ready to answer in every way. The first unit has total five chapters.

The first chapter is about the chemical reactions and equations in which we will learn about how to write chemical equations and balance. Also, we will learn about the various types of chemical reactions.

In chaptsr second chapter, we will learn about the various types chapher acids, soltuions and salts and their reactions with metals and non-metals. The third chapter will take us to the world of metals and non-metals where we will learn about their properties and reactions among. The ncert solutions of class 10th chemistry chapter 2 year chapter is about the carbon and its compounds yrar we will learn about the properties of carbons and chemical substances containing carbon.

In the fifth chapter, we will learn about the classification of elements and their evolution. The Second unit consists of four chapters that are from sixth to ninth. The sixth chapter is about the various life processes which human need for their survival.

In the seventh chapter, we will talk about the parts of the human body which are engaged in control and coordination activities. The eighth chapter deals with reproduction activities in unicellular and multicellular organisms. The ninth chapter, we will learn how the offsprings look alike. The third unit is How things works which have four chapters.

In the tenth chapter, we will learn about light and its phenomena reflection and refraction in a detailed manner. The eleventh chapter is about soutions human eye and some optical phenomena in nature. The twelfth chapter deals with the electricity in which we solutiohs learn electric circuit and resistance.

In the thirteenth chapter, magnetic effects classs electric current and its applications. The ncert solutions of class 10th chemistry chapter 2 year unit has three chapters in it. The fourteenth chapters talk about the various sources of energy such as conventional and non-conventional sources.

The fifteenth chapter is about our environment in which we will learn about the eco-systems, food chains and how human activities contribute in degrading its quality.

The last chapter is about the conservation of natural resources. In previous classes, students were introduced to physical and chemical changes. The chemical changes signify the chemical reactions. The indicators of chemical reactions are explained with some indicators like change in physical state, change in color, change in temperature and evolution of gas.

Ncert solutions of class 10th chemistry chapter 2 year are explained with some experimental examples. Sollutions that writing of chemical equation has been explained. It is symbolic representation of solution reactions. Also, it has been explained that how such equations can be more informative.

For example, balancing a chemical equation will signify that the chemical reactions follow law of conservation of mass. Other information like physical states and conditions required for reactions are mentioned. After that various types of chemical reactions are explained are discussed.

The types of chemical reactions are �combination reaction, decomposition reaction, displacement reaction, double decomposition reaction. On basis of energy, exothermic and endothermic reactions are mentioned.

Redox reactions are explained which are combination of reduction reaction and oxidation reaction. All types of reactions are explained with suitable example with their respective chemical equation. Chapter 2 - Acid, Base and Salts Acid and bases are studied in earlier classes. Acids are defined as substances which chemitsry sour in taste and turn blue litmus red.

Examples of acids are sour fruits like, Bases are defined as substances which are bitter in taste and turns red litmus blue. Examples of bases are neem, clove, vinegar.

Here, acids and bases are defined chemically. Bases are chemically those substances which generate OH- ions in aqueous solutionIf not they are weak acids. After that, various chemical and olfactory indicators are discussed; this indicates xlass presence of acids or base in the solution. Bases are said to be strong if whole of them get dissociated in water to form OH- ions. For example, Methyl orange is a chemical indicator.

It turns red in acidic solution and yellow in basic solution. Olfactory indicators are indicators which changes odor after coming in contact with acid and base. For example, smell of clove vanishes when kept in ncert solutions of class 10th chemistry chapter 2 year with acid.

After that acids and bases reactions are discussed with metals, metal oxides and metal carbonates. Reactions between acids and bases are also discussed. They are known as neutralization reactions. Salt 10tu one of the products formed by acid, base reaction. The various types of salts are discussed based on the strength of acid or base. The pH scale Indicates if ncert solutions of class 10th chemistry chapter 2 year solution is acidic, basic our neutral.

It is an scale from So, is acidic, 7 is neutral, basic solution. Universal indicator is a mixture of several indicators. Chloro-alkali process is performed of salt solution. The various chemical substances are formed after reactions, directly or in-directly are used for various process.

Their formation and uses are explained in this chapter. Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-Metals The chapter starts with physical properties of metals and non-metals. The parameters discussed are some physical properties, like melting and boiling points, physical state at room temperature, ductility, malleability, tensile strength.

The metals and non �metals are differentiated on the basis of physical properties. But there are some expectations based on physical properties.

For example iodine is non-metal but has lustrous appearance as metal. Mercury is metal but liquid at room temperature. There are more such exceptions. Therefore, classification of metals and non-metals, are based on chemical properties.

Chemical reactions of metals with oxygen gas, water, acids and other metal salts are discussed. The reactions and their condition depends upon the reactivity series. The metals on top of reactivity series are sodium and Potassium. They perform vigorous reactions. Nature of metallic oxides is discussed.

Generally Metal oxides are basic in nature. But, some of them like aluminum oxide and zinc oxide can be both acidic and basic and hence known as amphoteric oxides.

After that how such reactions takes place is discussed. Ionic bond formation is discussed. Such bond formation can be represented in two forms. Electrons are loosed by metals and gained by non-metals.

One get positively charged and another get negatively charged. They get attracted and a strong bond is formed. The first one is electronic configuration. The bond formation is discussed through Bohr model. Another method is Lewis structure or electron-dot structure. The metals and non-metals are written with their symbol and dots.

Main point:

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Understanding the properties of bases and acids. How do acids and bases respond with metals? How metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonates respond with acids? How do acids and bases respond with one another? The response of metallic oxides with acids. The response of non � metallic oxide with base. What do all acids and bases share for all intents and purposes? Significance of pH in regular day to day existence.

More about Salts. Group of salts. Synthetic substances from regular salt. NCERT solutions for class 10 science chapter 2 acids bases and salts help students to have a decent comprehension of the concepts of this chapter. The fundamental advantages of these solutions are:. The solutions are not at all muddled and clarify bit by bit completely to assist you with having a solid comprehension of the important concepts of this chapter.

Acid bases and salts class 10 solutions are given by teachers who are pros in this field and have an astounding experience. Solution: The shiny brown colored element X is copper metal Cu.

When copper metal is heated in air, it forms a black colored compound copper oxide. So, the black colored compound is the copper oxide or copper II oxide, CuO. Question 17 Why do we apply paint on iron articles? Solution: Rust is a soft and porous substance, which gradually falls from the surface of an iron object, and then the iron below starts rusting. Thus, rusting of iron or corrosion of iron is a continuous process which, if not prevented in time, eats up the whole iron object.

So, when we apply paint on iron articles it reduces the rusting of iron. Question 18 Oil and fat containing food items are flushed with nitrogen. Solution: Packaging fat and oil containing foods in nitrogen gas can prevent rancidity. When the fat and oil present in food materials gets oxidised in air , their oxidation products have an unpleasant smell and taste. When it is surrounded by unreactive gas, nitrogen, there is no oxygen of air to cause its oxidation and make it rancid.

Question 19 Explain the following terms with one example each. Corrosion b. Rancidity Solution: a. Corrosion is the process in which metals are eaten up gradually by the action of air, moisture or a chemical on their surface. Corrosion is caused mainly by the oxidation of metals by the oxygen of air. Example: Rusting of iron is the most common form of corrosion.

This is called rusting of iron. The condition produced by aerial oxidation of fat and oil in food which is marked by an unpleasant smell and taste is called rancidity. Example: Rancidity can be retarded by keeping food in a refrigerator. The refrigerator has a low temperature inside it. When the food is kept in a refrigerator, the oxidation of fat and oil in it is slowed down due to low temperature. So, the development of rancidity due to oxidation is retarded.

Question 20 Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air? Solution: To remove the oxide layer and facilitates rapid burning. Question 21 Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reactions.

Question 22 Write a balanced chemical equation and state symbols for the following reactions. Solutions of barium chloride and sodium sulphate in water react to give insoluble barium sulphate and the solution of sodium chloride b. Sodium hydroxide solution in water reacts with hydrochloric acid solution in water to produce sodium chloride solution and water. Question 24 Why does the colour of copper sulphate solution change when an iron nail is dipped into it?

Solution: In this reaction, iron displaces copper from copper sulphate solution. The deep blue colour of copper sulphate solution fades due to the formation of light green solution of iron sulphate.

A red-brown coating of copper metal is formed on the surface of the iron metal. This displacement reaction occurs because iron is more reactive than copper. Question 25 Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances that are reduced in the following reactions. The addition of oxygen is Called oxidation. So the substance that is oxidized is sodium Na.

In this reaction, copper oxide CuO gives the oxygen required for the oxidation of hydrogen; therefore, copper oxide is the oxidizing agent. Hydrogen is responsible for removing oxygen from copper oxide; therefore, hydrogen is the reducing agent here. Question 1. When crystals of lead nitrate are heated strongly in a dry test tube a crystals immediately melt b a brown residue is left c white fumes appear in the test tube d a yellow residue is left Answer: b Pungent smelling, brown fumes are evolved due to NO 2 gas and brown coloured residue of lead oxide PbO is left.

Question 2. A dilute ferrous sulphate solution was gradually added to the beaker containing acidified permanganate solution. The light purple colour of the solution fades and finally disappears.

Which of the following is the correct explanation for the observation? In acidic medium, KMnO 4 oxidises ferrous sulphate to ferric sulphate.

Question 3. Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to granulated zinc taken in a test tube. The following observations are recorded. Point out the correct observation. HCl to form zinc chloride and bubbles of colourless and odourless hydrogen gas is evolved. Question 4. When a magnesium ribbon is burnt in air, the ash formed is a black b white c yellow d pink Answer: b When a Mg ribbon is burnt in air, the ash formed is of magnesium oxide which is white in colour.

Question 5. Three beakers labelled as A, B and C each containing 25 mL of water were taken. A small amount of NaOH, anhyd. It was observed that there was an increase in the temperature of the solutions contained in beakers A and B whereas, in case of beaker C, the temperature of the solution falls. In beakers A and B, exothermic process has occurred. In beakers A and B, endothermic process has occurred. In beaker C, the exothermic process has occurred.

In beaker C, endothermic process has occurred. Question 6. Which of the following will be required to identify the gas evolved when dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc metal? HCl, zinc metal forms zinc chloride and hydrogen gas is evolved. Presence of hydrogen gas can be checked by a burning splinter because H 4 gas burnt in a splinter with a pop sound. Question 7. And the colour of the solution fades away. This is an example of displacement reaction.

Question 8. What happens when ferrous sulphate crystals are heated? Question 9. The colour of the precipitate formed when barium chloride solution is mixed with sodium sulphate solution is [CCE ] a blue b black c white d green Answer: c This is an example of a double displacement reaction and a white precipitate of barium sulphate is formed.

Question How the colour changes when the gases after thermal decomposition of ferrous sulphate come in contact with an acidified solution of potassium dichromate?

Answer: c The color changes from orange to green due to the formation of iron III sulphate. The representation of chemical reaction by means of symbols of substances in the form of formulae is called chemical equation. Ok Cancel. Ok Choose Chapter. Ok Choose Topic. Yes No. Choose Subjects. Choose Chapters. Have an account? Sign In.

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