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Sport-fishing cabin cruiser - All boating and marine industry manufacturers - Videos Apr 04, �� Singapore is a star article!It is a high-quality article complete with maps, photos, and great information. Singapore is a huge city with several district articles containing sightseeing, restaurant, nightlife and accommodation listings � have a look at each of them. Oct 29, �� TravelMag set out to find the most charming towns and small cities in California. Check out our survey results below for the scoop on the oft lesser-known, little gems in The Golden State. Charming might not be the first word that comes to mind when thinking of California. More likely are the Hollywood images [ ]. Mar 23, �� Die Balize an der Mundung des Missisippi (The Balize at the Mouth of the Mississippi), by Paul Wilhelm, was painted in the s, about the same time that John James Audubon began a cross-Atlantic voyage by departing New Orleans, Louisiana, and sailing up the Mississippi River. Note the alligator in the river. Audubon purchased a baby alligator in New Orleans before embarking the ship.
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Also voted as one of the best small towns to visit in California by The Crazy Tourist, this passageway to the Pacific Northwest combines gorgeous coastline with cloud-kissing redwood forests. You can hike amongst these beauties along trails traversing the acre Arcata Community Forest.

More outdoor exploration awaits at the Arcata Marsh and Wildlife Sanctuary; a paradise for birders. Back in town, enjoy people-watching in the central plaza along with the interesting juxtaposition of Victorian-era homes and the edgy cafes, shops and galleries that cater to students attending Humbolt State University. Numerous safe bike paths are a fitting addition to the laid-back, earth-friendly tone. Do as the locals do here and get around by bike or on foot or craft a mobile masterpiece for the annual Kinetic Grand Championship race.

The characteristically warm weather makes the state beach a popular attraction year-round, perfect for riding waves, building sand castles, running along the hard-packed shore or boardwalk, and relaxing with the sound track of crashing waves in the background.

But what sets this North County San Diego favorite apart is its chill, congenial vibe. Locals mingle weekly at the lively State Street Farmers Market in the Village; the town center that is packed with interesting shops and restaurants.

This pocket of paradise, once run by Hollywood-star-turned-Mayor Clint Eastwood , along the Central Coast ranks as one of the best beach towns in the United States. Another beauty to behold is the restored 18 th century Carmel Mission Basilica, which still holds mass today. Shopping and dining in the European-style village is equally luxurious, offering a mix of high-end brands and boutiques along stone-paved streets in buildings with adorably curly-cued roofs.

Nearby charmers like Monterey and Big Sur are a short, breathtaking drive away. The laid-back Cali vibe reigns here too, replete with chill sidewalk cafes, meditation gardens and yoga studios where you can get your zen on. Healdsburg is one of the best towns in California to visit where you can taste a variety of local wines in a gorgeous setting. The beauty of this former rural farming town is that despite its growth, the small-town feel remains, which means you can enjoy tantalizing food and wine, sans the snootiness.

Pack up a picnic and head to a park, wander along the Art and Farm Trails, kayak down the Russian River or hike the Ridge Trail for majestic mountain views. In town, scour antique shops for treasures and tap your toes to live jazz playing in the town square. A vineyard barn in Healdsburg Photo: ddedit via Flickr.

This peaceful escape in the San Jacinto Mountains, miles east of Los Angeles, is yet another California gem that has retained its small-town character. The few-block downtown is devoid of chains and flavored instead by local eateries, art galleries and characterful shops, like the custom leather outfitter Mountain Mike. Amidst the oak and pine forests of the Cuyamaca Mountains, northeast of San Diego, find yourself transported back to the gold rush that lured early settlers to California in the s.

In Julian, you can even tour the underground tunnels at Eagle Mining Co. The true treasure of this historic district, besides the friendly locals, is its signature apple pie, made with apples plucked from the surrounding orchards that sprouted once the gold was gone.

The best apple pie in town is a hotly debated title, and the perfect excuse to visit a few shops, notably Moms Pie House and Julian Pie Company, where oven-fresh pies are served however you fancy, from plain and Dutch crumble to creative renditions mixed with berries. And not a stop light or fast food joint in sight. For a taste of a quintessential Southern Californian beach town, look no further than Laguna Beach.

Prefer less people? Surfers only? Or tide pools? Each of the 20 coves, linked beneath dramatic cliffs, has its perks.

Main Beach is smack dab in the middle of downtown action, making it easy to take a break from the sun for a bite and wander through the many art galleries and tempting boutiques. A view of the coastline from Heisler Park, a three-quarter mile stretch that runs alongside Cliff Drive in Laguna Photo: www. Fun fact: This little frontier town in Owens Valley is sandwiched between national parks that are home to the highest and lowest points in the contiguous United States � Mount Whitney to the west and the Bad Water Basin in Death Valley a little southeast , respectively.

This drawing had been circulated in the press, for example in William Alden's articles in Harper's Magazine. These were reprinted in a small book called The Canoe and the Flying Proa. Brett, the draughtsman of the plan, is thought by some to have misinterpreted one key element, showing the mast fixed vertically in the center of the boat. This view as based on the fact that other Micronesian proa masts were raked end-to-end as the vessel shunted and the fact that a raked mast shifts the center of effort of the sail which would influence helm balance.

However, Brett's placing of the mast in a vertical position has found to be accurate when replicas of the "Anson" proa were built and sailed by the Marinas-based organization Sails that found that in many points of sail under many conditions the proa sailed well with the mast in a vertical position.

Munroe, however, was a talented boat designer who was able to work around any problems with the drawings. His adaptations can be seen in successive proas. Rather than the deep, asymmetric hull of a traditional proa, Munroe created flat-bottomed hulls similar to the fisolera referred to by Pigafetta , [9] with keels or centerboards for lateral resistance. His first iteration had an iron center fin with a half-oval profile. Rather than the traditional crab-claw sail's spars which meet at the front, Munroe's sails used what could be described as a triangular lug sail or spritsail with a boom, similar to the modern lateen sail with a shorter upper spar.

Munroe's first proa was only 30 feet 9. His article in The Rudder describes what can only be planing on the flat hull. As this was before the advent of planing power boats, this proa was one of the first boats capable of planing.

This helped produce its amazing speed when most boats were limited to their hull speed �they had too little power to achieve planing speed, and yet were not designed to exceed hull speed without planing. For example, a foot 9. This accomplishment was the nautical equivalent to the X-1 breaking the sound barrier. Munroe was building a "cheap and dirty" sharpie hull made of two foot 9. By lucky accident he may have been the first sailor to plane his boat.

Robert Barnwell Roosevelt , uncle of American President Theodore Roosevelt , also built a proa at about the same time. He used it sailing from Long Island. It was significantly different but equally creative, and at 50 feet 15 m , much longer. From his article in The Rudder , it appeared the main hull of Roosevelt's proa was an open 4-foot 1. The mast was a bipod arrangement with both masts stepped to windward, with a boomed, balanced lugsail suspended from the apex. It is not clear if the boat predated Munroe's proa.

Since Munroe wasn't aware of the raking mast, his model used two daggerboards set fore and aft of the mast, which would allow adjustment of the center of lateral resistance to provide helm balance.

From the drawings, it appears the mast is higher as well, allowing a larger sail. The sail design also changed, with the upper spar now being slightly longer than the upper edge of the sail, and projecting past the apex slightly to allow the apex to be attached to the hull.

The sail was loose footed, with the boom attached to the upper spar near the sail apex, and to the clew of the sail. His article in a issue of The Rudder included more details on the construction of his second proa. A book of sailboat plans published by The Rudder includes the following specifications for the proa:. From the drawings, the distance from the center of the main hull to the center of the aka is about 12 feet 3.

Western designers often feel the need to tinker with the proa. They are attracted by the minimalist nature and amazing speeds that proas are capable of they may still be the fastest sailboats per dollar spent for the home builder but they often want the proa to do more; adding cabins, different sailing rigs, and bidirectional rudders are common changes made. James Wharram was greatly influenced by the Proa design.

For example, unconventional boat and yacht designer Phil Bolger drew at least three proa designs; the smallest one 20 ft has been built by several people while the larger two, including his Proa 60, have not been built. For additional examples, see here. The terms ama and aka have been adopted for the modern trimaran. Since trimarans are generally designed to sail with one ama out of the water, they are similar to an Atlantic proa, with the buoyant leeward ama providing the bulk of the stability for the long, relatively thin main hull.

Some modern proa designers have borrowed trimaran design elements for use in proas. Trimarans often have main hulls that are very narrow at the waterline, and flare out and extend over a significant portion of the akas. This topheavy design is only practical in a multihull, and it has been adapted by some proa designers. Notable examples are the designs of Russell Brown, a boat-fittings maker who designed and built his first proa, Jzero , in the mids.

He has created a number of proa designs, all of which follow the same theme. One of the design elements which Brown used, and a number of other designers have copied, is the lee pod. The akas extend past the main hull and out to the lee side, and provide support for a cabin extending to the lee of the main hull. This is similar to the platform extending to the lee on some Micronesian proas. The lee pod serves two purposes�it can be used for bunk space or storage, and it provides additional buoyancy on the lee side to prevent a capsize should the boat heel too far.

Crew can also be moved onto the lee pod to provide additional heeling force in light winds, allowing the ama to lift under circumstances when it would not otherwise. The Jzero also used water ballast in the ama to allow the righting moment to be significantly increased if needed. One of the issues Western designers have with the proa is the need to manipulate the sail when shunting.

Even Munroe's early sails discarded the curved yards of the traditional crabclaw for the more familiar straight yards of the lateen and lug sails. Munroe's designs likely lacked the tilting mast because he was unaware of it, but many designers since have use a fixed mast, and provided some other way of adjusting the center of effort.

Most sailboats are designed with the center of effort of the sails slightly ahead of the center of area of the underwater plane; this difference is called "lead. Thus the center of effort of the sails needs to also be well forward, or at least needs to have a sail which is well forward which can be sheeted in to start the boat moving, allowing the rudders to bite and keep the boat from heading up when the entire sail area is sheeted in.

Jzero, for example, and all of Russell Brown's other designs, use a sloop rig and hoist a jib on whichever end is the current "bow". Other designs use a schooner rig for the same effect.

One of the more practical rigs for small proas was invented by Euell Gibbons around for a small, single handed proa. This rig was a loose footed lateen sail hung from a centered mast. The sail was symmetric across the yard, and to shunt, what was previously the top end of the yard was lowered and became the bottom end, reversing the direction of the sail. Proa enthusiast Gary Dierking modified this design further, using a curved yard and a boom perpendicular to the yard.

While a proa is fairly efficient at minimizing the amount of wave drag and maximizing stability, there is at least one way to go even further. The use of underwater foils to provide lift or downforce has been a popular idea recently in cutting-edge yacht building, and the proa is not immune to this influence. The Bruce foil is a foil that provides a lateral resistance with zero heeling moment by placing the foil to either or both of the leeward and the windward sides, angled so the direction of the force passes through the center of effort of the sail.

Since proas already have an outrigger to the windward side, a simple angled foil mounted on the ama becomes a Bruce foil, making the already stable proa even more stable.

Bruce foils are often combined with inclined rigs, which results in a total cancellation of heeling forces. Inclined rigs are also well suited to the proa, as the direction of incline remains constant during shunting. Another use of foils is to provide lift, turning the boat into a hydrofoil. Hydrofoils require significant speeds to work, but once the hull is lifted out of the water, the drag is significantly reduced.

Many speed sailing designs have been based on a proa type configuration equipped with lifting foils. In a non-traditional variant, first seen among Western yacht racers, the "Atlantic proa" has an ama which is always to the lee side to provide buoyancy for stability, rather than ballast as in a traditional proa.

Despite periods of realization both communities fell back into assumptions as a result of secrecy. The opposite occurred when the surveillance community did not have information on U.

In , the detections were published at the secret level by Commander, Alaskan Sea Frontier, and these reports were pushed up the chain of command. Commander, Submarine Force, U. In such contacts were again almost published, but were stopped only when information was identified by a visiting civilian expert who recognized the acoustic signatures as that of a U. When that submarine put into Adak for a medical emergency the detection events were matched to the submarine's logs ending the disbelief the "Soviet" contact was actually a U.

Other ships are mentioned as having "cameo" appearances and the project apparently made use of other Navy survey and civilian cable ships on occasion. The core fleet appears to be those listed below.

By cable technology and shore processing allowed consolidation of shore stations to a few central processing facilities. Alternate or dual-use partnerships exist with a number of agencies and institutions. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA Vents program at its Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory was granted access to the system at the Naval Ocean Processing Facility at Whidbey Island in October to combine raw analog data from specific hydrophones with NOAA systems for continuous monitoring of the northeast Pacific Ocean for low-level seismic activite and detection of volcanic activity along the northeast Pacific spreading centers.

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute detected and tracked a lone whale with a unique call over a period of years in the Pacific. Texas Applied Research Laboratories, [45] and several other organizations have used the system for research. Jezebel research had developed an additional short range, high frequency, upward-looking system using active transducers Smallest Fishing Boat With Cabin for direct plotting of ships passing over the array.

Colossus was intended to be installed in narrows and straits. Artemis was an experiment with a large active source. The system used very large towers and unwieldy components while SOSUS provided more than adequate warning and coverage and thus the system did not come into operation.

The word Artemis had been used as a code word in the first days before Jezebel , Michael and Caesar as an unclassified name. Artemis , goddess of the hunt, stood for those cleared for Frederick V. That old application of Artemis caused some confusion. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Cold war passive, fixed array undersea surveillance system.

An associated program, Colossus , was such a system intended to be installed across straits. Parts of Sea Spider ended up off Bermuda, designated Testbed for more experiments. That array was installed by unusual cable and installation vessel Naubuc but also failed See Naubuc. Alert , was a British General Post Office cable layer built in The photo of a cross section of the old 21 quad cable is of particular interest. Cable ships were designed for deep draft with high capacity cable tank storage and ability to maintain station during stopped or low speed repair operations in poor weather.

The AKA conversions could not carry a full cable load and full fuel load without exceeding maximum draft. A major deficiency for a modern cable laying ship, rather than dedicated repair ship, was lack of stern laying capability. Neither of the larger repair ships could be modified for that.

On some operations, they had to be towed from astern by a tug in order to lay cable over the bow sheaves using cable machinery forward. They even had dual sets of running lights installed so the stern could be the bow and show proper lights.

Winter Undersea Warfare. Retrieved 5 January Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. April Retrieved 11 February ISBN X. LCCN OCLC Volume 1. Project Hartwell. Commander, Undersea Surveillance. Retrieved 22 May Senate Washington, D. Retrieved 14 March November 5, Navy Journal of Underwater Acoustics : � Navy Journal of Underwater Acoustics. Retrieved 20 September August International Journal of Naval History.

Irvine, California: Ultrasystems, Inc. Retrieved 29 August Naval Postgraduate School. Retrieved 13 February January 5, The Cable. Retrieved 28 March Kelly, USN ". Department of Defense.

Retrieved 23 March Department of the Navy, Bureau of Ships. The Third Battle: Innovation in the U. Naval War College. Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved 1 January Committee on Armed Services Eighty-eighth Congress, First Session, on S. September 6, 27, 30, October 1, 2, 3, and 7, Government Printing Office.

Naval History and Heritage Command. Sealift Magazine. January

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