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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 - Light Reflection And Refraction

Light rays that are parallel to the principal axis of a concave mirror converge at a specific point on its principal axis after reflecting from the mirror. This point is known as the principal focus of the concave mirror. Name the mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object. We prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles because it gives a wider field of view, class allows the driver to see most of the traffic behind.

Convex mirrors always form a virtual, class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 ms, and diminished image of the objects placed in front of it. A concave mirror produces three times magnified enlarged real image of object placed at 10 cm in front of it. Where is the image located? A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray bend towards the normal or away from the normal? The chaper of light bends towards the normal.

When a ray of light enters from an optically rarer medium having low refractive index to an optically denser medium having high refractive indexits speed slows down and it bends towards the normal.

Since water is optically denser than air, a ray of light entering from air into water will bend towards the normal. Light enters from air to glass having refractive index 1.

What is the speed of light in the glass? The speed of light in vacuum is 3 x 10 8 ms Find out, from Table, the medium having highest optical density. Also find the medium with lowest optical density. A medium which has the highest refractive index will have the highest optical density and vice-versa.

It can be observed from table Therefore, diamond has the highest optical density and air has the lowest optical density. You are given kerosene, turpentine and water. In which of these does class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 ms light travel fastest?

Use the information given in Table. In water light travel faster as compare to kerosene and turpentine because the refractive index of water is lower than that of kerosene and turpentine. The speed of light is inversely proportional to the refractive index. The refractive index of diamond is 2. This means that the speed of light in diamond will reduce by a factor of 2. The SI unit of power of lens is dioptre which is denoted by the letter D.

A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of 50 cm from it. Where is the needle placed in front of the convex lens if the image is equal to the size of the object? Also, find the power of the lens. It is given that the image of the needle is formed at a distance of 50 cm from the convex lens. Hence, the needle is placed in front of the lens at a distance of 50 cm. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens?

The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect chapger larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object? Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object? A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of cm. No matter how far you lcass from a mirror, your image appears erect. Chaptrr of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a dictionary?

We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror? What is the nature of the image? Is the image larger or smaller than the object? Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case. Name the type of mirror used in the wcience situations.

One-half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will this lens produce a complete image of the object? Verify your answer experimentally. Explain your observations.

The convex lens will form complete image of an object, even if its one half is covered with black paper. It can be understood by the following two cases. Case Csience. When the upper half of the lens is covered In this case, a ray of light coming from the object will booi refracted by the lower half of the lens. These rays meet at the other class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 ms of the lens to form the image of the given object, as shown in the above figure.

Class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 ms the lower half of the lens is covered In this case, a ray of light coming from the object is refracted by the upper half of the lens.

An object 5 cm in length is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10 cm. Draw the ray diagram and find the position, size and the nature of the image formed. A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How far is the cpass placed from the class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 ms Draw the ray diagram.

The negative value of u indicates that the object is placed 30 cm in class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 ms of the lens. This is shown in the following ray diagram. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from aconvex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Find the position and nature of the image. The positive sign means image formed by a plane mirror is virtual and erect. Since the magnification is 1 it means that the size of the image class 10th ncert science book chapter 10 ms equal to the size of the object.

An object 5 cm is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a convex mirror of radius of curvature ncret cm. Find the position, nature and size of the sciencw. The positive value of image height indicates that the image formed is erect.

Therefore, the image formed is virtual, erect, and smaller in size. An object of size 7. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed, so that a sharp focused image can be obtained? Find the size and the nature of the image. Hence, it is a concave lens.

Find the focal length of the lens. Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging? Hence, it is a convex lens or a converging lens.

Final:

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Question 2 The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object? Answer: d Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus.

Question 3 Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object? Answer: b At twice the focal length. Question 4 A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be : a Both concave. Answer: a Both concave. Question 5 No matter how far you stand from mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be a plane b concave c convex d either plane or convex.

Answer: d Either plane or convex. Question 6 Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a dictionary? Answer: c A convex lens of focal length 5 cm. Question 7 We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm.

What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror? What is the nature of the image? Is the image larger or smaller than the object?

Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case. Answer: A concave mirror gives an erect image when the object is placed between the focus F and the pole P of the concave mirror, i. The image thus formed will be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Question 8 Name the type of mirror used in the following situations. Support your answer with reason. Answer: a Concave mirrors are used as reflectors in headlights of cars.

When a bulb is located at the focus of the concave mirror, the light rays after reflection from the mirror travel over a large distance as a parallel beam of high intensity. Question 9 One-half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper.

Will this lens produce a complete image of the object? Verify your answer experimentally. Explain your observations. Answer: A convex lens forms complete image of an object, even if its one half is covered with black paper. It can be explained by considering following two cases. Case I : When the upper half of the lens is covered In this case, a ray of light coming from the object will be refracted by the lower half of the lens.

These rays meet at the other side of the lens to form the image of the given object, as shown in the following figure.

Case II: When the lower half of the lens Is covered In this case, a ray of light coming from the object is refracted by the upper half of the lens. These rays meet at the other side of the lens to form the image of the given object, as shown in the given figure.

Question 10 An object 5 cm in length is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10 cm. Draw the ray diagram and find the position, size and the nature of the image formed. The negative value of image height indicates that the image formed is inverted. The position, size, and nature of image are shown alongside in the ray diagram. Question 11 A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens.

How far is the object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram. Question 12 An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm.

Find the position and nature of the image. Thus, image is virtual, erect and diminished. What does this mean? Question 14 An object 5. Find the position of the image, its nature and size. Question 15 An object of size 7. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed, so that a sharp focussed image can be obtained? Find the size and the nature of the image.

The image is real, inverted and enlarged in size. Question 16 Find the focal length of a lens of power What type of lens is this? Find the focal length of the lens. Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging? Reflection of light by curved surfaces; Images formed by spherical mirrors, center of curvature, principal axis, principal focus, focal length, mirror formula Derivation not required , magnification.

Refraction; laws of refraction, refractive index. Refraction of light by spherical lens; Image formed by spherical lenses; Lens formula Derivation not required ; Magnification.

Power of a lens;. Formulae Handbook for Class 10 Maths and Science. Question 1. Define the principal focus of a concave mirror? Answer: Light rays that are parallel to the principal axis of a concave mirror converge at a specific point on its principal axis after reflecting from the mirror.

This point is known as the principal focus of the concave mirror. Question 2. The radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is 20 cm.

Question 3. Name the mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object. Answer: When an object is placed between the pole and the principal focus of a concave mirror, the image formed is virtual, erect, and enlarged.

Question 4. Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles? Answer: Convex mirrors give a virtual, erect, and diminished image of the objects placed in front of them.

They are preferred as a rear-view mirror in vehicles because they give a wider field of view, which allows the driver to see most of the traffic behind him. Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32 cm.

A concave mirror produces three times magnified enlarged real image of object placed at 10 cm in front of it. A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Answer: The light ray bends towards the normal.

When a ray of light travels from an optically rarer medium to an optically denser medium, it gets bent towards the normal. Since water is optically denser than air, a ray of light travelling from air into the water will bend towards the normal.

Light enters from air to glass having refractive index 1. Answer: Refractive index of a medium nm is given by,. Find out, from Table, the medium having highest optical density.

A medium which has the highest refractive index will have the highest optical density and vice-versa. It can be observed from table Therefore, diamond has the highest optical density and air has the lowest optical density. To improve your scores, you should solve practice questions and take mock tests. The tests offered at Embibe will help you in managing your time in an efficient manner. After taking the Class 10 mock tests, your confidence will increase and you will do fewer mistakes during the board exam.

If you have any queries, post them in the comment box below. We will get back to you at the earliest. Explore Embibe to have an online learning experience that is user friendly! Support: support embibe. General: info embibe. The respective PDF will appear. Save it. NCERT textbooks include all fundamental and basic concepts for each subject.

Students get a chance to practice thoroughly for exams as NCERT books also contain numerous problems, questions, and exercises. List the four properties of the image formed by a convex mirror.

State the laws of refraction of light. What is meant by refraction of light? Important Questions on 10th Science Chapter 10 Define the principal focus of a concave mirror. Light rays that are parallel to the principal axis of a concave mirror converge at a specific point on its principal axis after reflecting from the mirror. This point is known as the principal focus of the concave mirror. The radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is 20 cm.

What is its focal length? Name the mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object. When an object is placed between the pole and the principal focus of a concave mirror, the image formed is virtual, erect, and enlarged. Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles? Convex mirrors give a virtual, erect, and diminished image of the objects placed in front of them. They are preferred as a rear-view mirror in vehicles because they give a wider field of view, which allows the driver to see most of the traffic behind him.

A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray bend towards the normal or away from the normal? The light ray bends towards the normal. When a ray of light travels from an optically rarer medium to an optically denser medium, it gets bent towards the normal.

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