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Class 10 biology notes for life processes

Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirementsof multi-cellular organisms like humans? Multicellular organisms such as humans possess complex body designs. They have specialised cells and tissues for performing various necessary functions of the body such as intake of food and oxygen. Unlike unicellular organisms, multicellular cells are not in direct contact with the outside environment.

Therefore, diffusion cannot meet their oxygen requirements. Any visible movement such as walking, breathing, or growing is generally used to decide whether something is alive or not. However, a living organism can also have movements, which are not visible to the naked eye. Therefore, the presence of life processes is a fundamental criterion that can be used to decide whether enginw is alive or not.

An organism uses outside raw materials mostly in the form of food and oxygen. The raw materials required by an organism can be quite varied depending on the complexity of the organism and its environment.

Life processes such as nutrition, respiration, transportation, excretion. Following are the roles of acid in our stomach: 1. The hydrochloric acid present in our stomach dissolves bits of food and creates an acidic medium. In this acidic medium, enzyme pepsinogen is converted to pepsin, which is a protein-digesting enzyme. The hydrochloric acid kills the harmful microbes that enter with ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science engine and thus prevents infection of digestive tract.

Digestive enzymes such as amylase, lipase, pepsin, trypsin. These simple particles can be easily absorbed by the blood and thus transported to all the cells of the body. The small intestine has millions of tiny finger-like projections called villi. Solutinos villi increase the surface area for more efficient food absorption. Within these villi, many blood vessels are present that absorb the digested food and carry it to the blood stream.

From the blood stream, the absorbed food is delivered to each and every cell of the body. What advantage over an aquatic organism does a terrestrial ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science engine have with regard to obtaining oxygen for respiration?

Terrestrial organisms take up oxygen from the atmosphere whereas aquatic animals need to utilize oxygen present in the water. Air contains more Ncsrt 2 as compared to water.

Since the content of O 2 in air is high, the terrestrial animals ncerf not have to breathe faster to get more oxygen. Therefore, unlike aquatic animals, terrestrial animals do not have to show various adaptations for better gaseous exchange. Glucose is first broken down in the cell cytoplasm into a three carbon molecule called pyruvate. Pyruvate is further broken down by different ways to provide energy. In yeast and human muscle cells, the breakdown of pyruvate occurs in the absence of oxygen whereas in mitochondria, the breakdown of pyruvate occurs in the presence of oxygen.

The exchange of gases takes place between the blood of the capillaries that surround the alveoli and the gases present in the alveoli. Thus, alveoli are the site for exchange of gases. The lungs get filled up with air during Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Ch 6 Life Processes Science Lab ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science engine process of inhalation as ribs are lifted up and diaphragm is flattened.

The air that is rushed inside the lungs fills the numerous alveoli present in the lungs. Each lung contains million alveoli. These numerous alveoli increase the surface area for gaseous exchange making the process of respiration more efficient.

What are the components of the transport system in human beings? What are the functions of these components? The main components of the transport system in human beings are the heart, blood, and blood vessels.

Warm-blooded animals such as birds and mammals maintain a constant body temperature by cooling themselves when they are in a hotter environment and by warming their bodies when they are in a cooler environment.

Hence, these animals require more oxygen O 2 for more cellular respiration so that they can produce more energy to maintain their body temperature. Thus, it is necessary for them to separate oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood, so ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science engine their circulatory system is more efficient and can maintain their constant body temperature.

Xylem conducts water and minerals processess from the soil via roots to the rest of the plant. Phloem transports food proxesses from the leaves to different parts of the plant body. The components of xylem tissue tracheids and vessels of roots, stems, and leaves are interconnected to form a continuous system of water-conducting channels that reaches all parts of the plant.

Transpiration creates a suction pressure, as a result of which ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science engine is forced into the xylem cells of the roots.

Then there is ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science engine steady movement of water from the root xylem to all the plant parts through the interconnected water-conducting channels. The transportation of food in phloem is achieved by utilizing energy from ATP.

As a result of this, the osmotic pressure in the tissue solutons causing water to move into it. This pressure moves the material in the phloem to the tissues which have less pressure. This is helpful in moving materials according to the needs of the plant. For example, the food material, such as sucrose, is transported into the phloem tissue using ATP energy.

Nephrons are the basic filtering units of kidneys. Each kidney possesses large number of nephrons, approximately Plants can get rid of excess of water by transpiration. Waste materials may be stored in the cell vacuoles or as gum and resin, especially in old xylem. It is also stored in the leaves that later fall off. The amount of urine produced depends on the amount of excess water and dissolved wastes present in the body.

Some other factors such as habitat of an organism and hormone such as Anti-diuretic hormone ADH also regulates the amount of urine produced.

Fats are present in the form of large globules in the small intestine. The small intestine gets the secretions in the form of bile juice and pancreatic juice respectively from the liver and the pancreas. The bile salts from the liver break down the large fat globules into smaller globules so that the pancreatic enzymes can easily act on.

This is referred to as emulsification of fats. It takes place in the small intestine. Saliva is secreted by the salivary glands, located under the tongue. It moistens the food for easy swallowing. It contains a digestive enzyme called salivary amylase, which breaks down starch into sugar.

Autotrophic nutrition takes place through the process of ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science engine. Carbon dioxide, water, chlorophyll pigment, and sunlight are the necessary conditions required for autotrophic nutrition. Carbohydrates food and O 2 are the by-products of photosynthesis. What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Name some organisms that use the anaerobic mode of respiration. Anaerobic respiration occurs in the roots of some waterlogged plants, some parasitic worms, animal muscles, and some micro-organisms slutions as yeasts. The alveoli are the small balloon-like structures present in the lungs. The walls of the alveoli consist of extensive network of blood vessels. The alveolar surface when spread out covers about 80 m 2 area. This large surface area makes the gaseous exchange more efficient.

Haemoglobin is the respiratory pigment that transports oxygen to the body cells for cellular respiration. Therefore, deficiency of haemoglobin in blood can affect sciebce oxygen supplying capacity of blood. This can lead to deficiency ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science engine oxygen in the body cells. It can also lead to a disease called anaemia. The separation of oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood allows a more efficient supply of oxygen to the body cells.

This efficient system of oxygen supply is very useful in warm-blooded animals such as human beings. As we know, warm-blooded animals have to maintain a constant body temperature by cooling themselves when they are in a hotter environment and by warming their bodies when they are in a cooler environment.

Hence, they require more O 2 for more respiration so that they can produce more energy to maintain their body temperature. Thus, the circulatory system of humans is more processrs because kife the double circulatory heart. Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys with respect to their structure and functioning. It also contains a cluster of thin-walled capillaries. Then the filtrate moves through the proximal tubule and then down into the loop of henle.

The collecting duct collects the urine from many nephrons and passes it to the ureter. During the flow of filtrate, Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Ch 6 Life Processes Science Engineering some substances such as glucose, amino acids, and water are selectively re-absorbed. Answers are excellent and we can understand very easily and also can get very good in our board exams. Class 10ht No Question processes Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirementsof multi-cellular organisms like humans?

Answer: Multicellular organisms such as humans possess complex body designs. Question 2: What criteria do we use to decide ncedt something is alive? Answer: Any visible movement such as walking, breathing, or growing is generally used to decide whether something is alive or not.

Question 3: What are so,utions raw materials used for by an organism? Answer: An organism uses outside raw materials mostly in the form of food and oxygen. Question 4: What processes would you consider essential for maintaining life?

Thus:

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Question 4. When air is blown from mouth into a test � tube containing lime water, the lime water turned milky due to presence of: a oxygen b nitrogen c water vapour d carbon dioxide. Question 5. The mode of nutrition found in fungi is: a Parasitic nutrition b Holozoic nutrition c Autotrophic nutrition d Saprotrophic nutrition.

Question 6. The site of photosynthesis in the cells of a leaf is a chloroplast b mitochondria c cytoplasm d protoplasm. Question 7. During contraction of heart, what prevents back flow of blood? Question 8. Woody plants carry gaseous exchange through a root hair b stem hair c Lenticels d epidermal cells.

Question 9. The contraction and expansion movement of the walls of the food pipe is called: a translocation b transpiration c peristaltic movement d digestion. Question The process by which blood is cleared of metabolic wastes in case of kidney failure is called a artificial kidney b dialysis c transplantation d filtration. Trachea do not collapse when there is not much air because they are: a thick and muscular b having cartilaginous rings c have valves d supported by larynx.

Which of the following events in the mouth cavity will be affected if salivary amylase is lacking in the saliva? Which region of the alimentary canal absorbs the digested food? Amoeba shows following kind of nutrition. The exit of unabsorbed food material is regulated by a liver b anus c small intestine d anal sphincter.

When a few drops Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Ch 6 Life Processes Science Result of iodine solution are added to rice water, the solution turns blue- black in colour. This indicates that rice water contains: a fats b complex proteins c starch d simple proteins.

The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon di-oxide, water and energy takes place in a cytoplasm b mitochondria c chloroplast d nucleus. Glycolysis process occurs in which part of the cell? The respiratory pigment in human beings is: a carotene b chlorophyll c haemoglobin d mitochondria. Name the pores in a leaf through which respi-ratory exchange of gases takes place. Name a circulatory fluid in the human body other than blood.

A blood vessel which pumps the blood from the heart to the entire body: a artery b capillary c Vein d Haemoglobin. Name the tube which connects the kidneys to the urinary bladder. Single circulation, i. Which part of nephron allows the selective re absorption of useful substances like glucose, amino acids, salts and water into the blood capillaries?

Chapter 15 - Our Environment. Chapter 16 - Management of Natural Resources. The life process class 10th shows us how life happened on earth and the world that we see today, how it came to exist, and what made the planet's environment habitable. The life process chapter tells the student that maintaining a living organism is essential even if the body is in the resting condition or even if it's sleeping. With our life processes class 10 solutions, students will know about the different types and forms of nutrition and why our body needs it.

There are two modes of getting nutrition into the body. These are autotrophic and heterotrophic. The life processes class 10 pdf that we have created for the students will help them revise and clear their doubts if they have regarding the concepts and the definitions present in this chapter. Our pdf is curated by teachers who are in the teaching line for more than five years, and they have an excellent knowledge of this subject in particular.

As a result, you will get to know all the little details you might miss when reading and learning the chapter all by yourself. This chapter from the science textbook from class 10th introduces students to various from of life process. The life that we see around on this planet earth is mainly based on certain kinds of functions, and the process and all these are covered in this chapter. These processes are required for the body to stay healthy and perform their daily task without having any issues.

These necessary essential activities performed by organisms are termed as life processes. There are several life processes such as nutrition, transportation, metabolism, reproduction that help in living organisms' functioning. It is essential to know about these processes cause they are necessary for a body to be working correctly. The students who want to pursue a medical science career need to pay extra attention to this chapter.

This chapter brings many concepts into a light that a medical student will be studying in the coming years of their college.

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