Question 1. Which one of these is more easily hydrolysed? Delhi Answer: In aq. KOH S N 1 mechanism takes place and the formed carbocation is stabilized. Question 2. Question 3. Question 4. Question 5.
Question 6. Question 7. Question 8. Question 9. Draw the structure of major monohalogen product formed in the following reaction : Comptt. Delhi Answer:. Question In the following pair of compounds, which will react faster by S N 1 mechanism and why?
Delhi Answer: reacts faster by S N 1 mechanism as it is a tertiary halide and it produces a stable tertiary carbocation. Draw the structure of major monohalogen product in the following reaction : Comptt. Predict the order of reactivity of four isomeric bromobutanes in S N 1 reaction.
C 6 H 5 Br does not respond to this test. Br Comptt. CHCH 2. All India Answer:. What happens when ethyl chloride is treated with aqueous KOH?
CH Cl CH 3. Which compound in the following pair undergoes faster S N 1 reaction. In the following pair of halogen compounds, which compound will react faster by S N 1 mechanism? A hydrocarbon C 5 H 12 gives only one mono-chlorination product. Identify the hydrocarbon. Delhi Answer: Since there is only one monochloroderivative, the compound contains 12 equivalent hydrogen in four equivalent CH 3.
The compound is 2, 2-dimethyl propane. Identify the chiral molecule in the following pair : All India Answer: 2-Chlorobutane is a chiral molecule. Draw the structure of 2-bromopentane. Which would undergo SN2 reaction faster in the following pair and why?
Which would undergo SN1 reaction faster in the following pair : All India Answer: because the secondary carbocation formed is more stable than primary carbocation. Out of which is more reactive towards S N 1 reaction and why?
Write the structure of an isomer of compound C 4 H 9 Br which is most reactive towards S N 1 reaction. Write the structure of l-Bromochlorobutene. Write the structure of 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene. Out of which is an example of allylic halide? Out of which is an example of vinylic halide? Out of which is an example of a benzylic halide?
Which one in the following pairs of substances undergoes S N 2 substitution reaction faster and why? Which one in the following pairs undergoes S N 1 substitution reaction faster and why? Complete the following reaction equations : All India Answer:. How are the following conversions carried out? Delhi Answer: i Benzyl chloride to benzyl alcohol ii Methyl magnesium bromide to 2-methylpropanol. Haloalkanes undergo nucleophilic substitution whereas haloarenes undergo electrophilic substitution.
Delhi Answer: Haloarenes say chlorobenzene is a resonance hybrid of the following five structures : Resonance leads to lowering of energy and hence greater stability. On the other hand, no such resonance is possible in haloalkanes. Halogens directly attached to benzene ring are o, p-directing in electrophilic subsitution reactions. This is due to greater electron density at these positions in resonance. Chlorobenzene is extremely less reactive towards a nucleophilic substitution reaction.
Give two reasons for the same. As a result, the C � Cl bond in chlorobenzene is shorter and hence stronger. Thus, cleavage of C � Cl bond in benzene becomes difficult which makes it less reactive towards nucleophilic substition. Delhi Answer: a p-isomers are comparetively more symmetrical and fit closely in the crystal lattice, thus require more heat to break these strong forces of attraction. Therefore higher melting point than o- and m-isomers.
Delhi Answer: i In haloalkanes, the halogen atom is attached to sp 3 -hybridized carbon while in haloarenes it is attached to sp 2 -hybridized carbon whose size is smaller than sp 3 orbital carbon.
Therefore C � Cl bond in chloro-benzene is shorter than alkyl chloride. Give chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds : a Benzyl chloride and Chlorobenzene b Chloroform and Carbon tetrachloride Comptt. Delhi Answer: a Chlorobenzene and Benzyl chloride : Benzyl chloride is more reactive than chlorobenzene towards nucleophillic substitution reactions, therefore, benzyl chloride on boiling with aqueous KOH produces benzyl alcohol and KCl.
The reaction mixture on acidification with dil. Explain why : a The dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexyl chloride. All India Answer: a Chlorobenzene has lower dipole moment than cyclohexyl chloride due to lower magnitude of -ve charge on the Cl atom and shorter C � Cl distance.
Due to greater S-character, a sp 2 -hybrid carbon is more electronegative than a sp3-hybrid carbon. Therefore, the sp 2 -hybrid carbon of C � Cl bond in chlorobenzene has less tendency to release electrons to Cl than a sp 3 hybrid carbon of cyclohexyl chloride. The molecules of H 2 O are held together by H- bonds.
Since the new forces of attraction between water and alkyl halide molecules are weaker than the forces of attraction already existing between alkyl halide-alkyl halide molecules and water-water molecules, therefore alkyl halides are immiscible not soluble with water.
Draw the structure of major monohalo product in each of the following reactions : Delhi Answer:. What are ambident nucleophiles? Explain with an example. All India Answer: Ambident nucleophile : A nucleophile that can form new bonds at two or more spots in its structure, usually due to resonance contributors.
Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds : i 4-tert-Butyliodoheptane ii 4-Bromomethylpentene Comptt. All India Answer: i 4-tert-Butyliodoheptane.
Write the structures of the following organic halogen compounds : i p-Bromochlorobenzene ii 1-Chloroethylcyclohexane Comptt. All India Answer: i p-Bromochlorobenzene. Write the equations for the preparation of 1-bromobutane from : i 1-butanol ii but-l-ene Comptt. All India Answer: i Preparation of 1-bromobutane from 1-butanol. Which compound in each of the following pairs will react faster in S N 2 reaction with �OH?
Which alkyl halide from the following pair is i Chiral and ii undergoes S N 2 reaction faster? Which alkyl halide from the following pair is i Chiral and ii undergoes S N 1 reaction faster? Delhi Answer: i 2-Bromobutane is chiral as the central C atom has all 4-different groups. How will you carry out the following conversions : i 2-Bromopropane to 1-bromopropane ii Benzene to p-chloronitrobenzene Answer:.
Delhi Answer: i Use of DDT Dichlorodiphenyl Trichloroethane : As a powerful insecticide, it is widely used for sugarcane and fodder crops to kill mosquitoes, lice which carry pathogens. Use of iodoform CHI 3 : It is used as an antiseptic for dressing wounds. Its antiseptic action is due to liberation of iodine when iodoform comes in contact with skin but not due to iodoform itself.
Give one example of each. All India Answer: Question Answer the following : i Haloalkanes easily dissolve in organic solvents, why? Give an example. Delhi Answer: i Because the new forces of attraction set up between haloalkanes and Ppt For Class 10 Maths Ch 2 Release Date solvent molecules are of the same strength as the forces of attraction being broken. Although chlorine is an electron withdrawing group, yet it is ortho-, para-directing in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Explain why it is so? Delhi Answer: Chlorine withdraws electrons through inductive effect and releases through resonance.
Although Cl shows -1 effect but through resonance, Cl tends to stabilize the intermediate carbocation and the effect is more pronounced at ortho and para positions. This can also be explained diagramatically as:. Answer the following questions : All India i What is meant by chirality of a compound? Answer: i Chirality : The objects which are non-superimposable on their mirror image are said to be chiral and this property is known as chirality for Butanol C is non-superimposable on its mirror image A.
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