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Question 4. Give two examples from history to show the impact of technology on food availability. Answer: Technology played a major role in making food available. This can be understood by the following examples:. Now animals were slaughtered for food at the starting point in America, Australia or New Zealand and then exported to Europe where meat was scarce.
The poor in Europe could now add meat to their diet. Question 5. What is meant by the Bretton Woods Agreement? In this system, national currencies were pegged to the dollar at a fixed exchange rate.
Question 6. Imagine that you are an indentured Indian labourer in the Caribbean. Drawing from the details in this chapter, write a letter to your family describing your life and feelings. Actually the agents, who hired me and others, provided false information about final destinations, modes of travel, the nature of the work, and living and working conditions.
We are forced to live in harsh conditions. What is more we have been given few legal rights. I am very upset and so are my fellow indentured labourers. In spite ofour best efforts, most of us fail to do the works allotted to us properly and in given time frame. In case of absenteeism from work, one is prosecuted and even sent to jail. Deductions are also made from wages if the work is considered to have been done unsatisfactorily. Many labourers cannot therefore earn their full wages and are punished in various ways.
Actually, we are slaves without any rights and freedoms. I am afraid I can lose my family. Although I am in great trouble, I have full faith in God. One day He will shower His blessings on me and my fellow labourers. Yours Raman. Question 7. Explain the three types of movements or flows within international economic exchange. Find one example of each type of flow which involved India and Indians, and write a short account of it.
Answer: The three types of movements or flows within international economic exchange are:. With industrialisation, British cotton manufacture began to expand and industrialists pressurised the government to restrict cotton imports and protect local industries.
Tariffs were imposed on cloth imports into Britain. As a result, the inflow of fine Indian cotton began to decline. But the value of British exports to India was much higher than the value of British imports from India. Britain used this surplus to balance its trade deficits with other countries. By helping Britain balance its deficits, India played a crucial role in the late nineteenth century world economy. Question 8. Explain the causes of the Great Depression.
Answer: The Great Depression began around and lasted till the mids. During this period most parts of the world experienced catastrophic decline in production, employment, incomes and trade. The depression was caused by a combination of several factors:. As prices fell and agricultural incomes declined, farmers tried to expand production and bring a larger volume of produce to the market to maintain their overall income.
This worsened the glut an excessive supply in the market, pushing down prices even further. Farm produce rotted as there were no buyers. While it was often extremely easy to raise loans in the US when the going was good, the US overseas lenders panicked at the first sign of trouble.
A year later it was one quarter of that amount. Countries that depended crucially on US loans now faced an acute crisis. The withdrawal of the US loans affected much of the rest of the world.
In Europe, it led to the failure of some major banks and the collapse of currencies such as the British pound sterling. In Latin America and elsewhere it intensified the fall in agricultural and raw material prices. With the fall in prices and the prospect of depression, the US banks also slashed domestic lending and called back loans.
Faced with falling incomes, many households in the US could not repay what they had borrowed. Ultimately, the US banking system collapsed. Thousands of banks went bankrupt and were forced to close. Question 9. Explain what is referred to as the G countries. In what ways can G be seen as a reaction to the activities of the Bretton Woods twins?
Answer: The group of 77 or G is a loose coalition of developing countries. It was designed to promote the collective economic interests of its members. By the NIEO, the member nations meant a system that would give them real control over their natural resources, more development assistance, fairer prices for raw materials, and better access for their manufactured goods in the markets of the developed countries. They wanted to stop immediately the powerful countries like the US from exploiting their natural resources.
There were 77 founding members but the group has since expanded to around member countries. The G can be seen as a reaction to the activities of the Bretton Woods twins i.
These institutions did nothing for the economic growth of former colonies and developing countries. They were still facing grim poverty and wanted to come out of it by strengthening their economic condition. Hence, they grouped together for collective welfare. Project Find out more about gold and diamond mining in South Africa in the nineteenth century.
Who controlled the gold and diamond companies? This chapter talks about how Congress sought to develop the national movement which got active participation from different social groups. We also get to know how the united struggle for freedom of the country helped to develop a sense of collective belonging among people.
In this chapter, students will have total eight questions to practice. In this chapter, we get to know about the long history of trade and migration of people that gave rise to the making of the global world. It explains how the culture, technology, and ideas were exchanged between the nations. We learn about the globalisation, silk routes, the role of technology and trade were in this chapter.
There are total nine questions in this chapter. NCERT solutions will help to understand all these complex topics in the easiest and simplest way.
This was the period of 18th and 19th centuries when industrialization actually began. This chapter explains how the age of industrialisation marked the beginning of modernisation. It stimulated the process of setting up of new factories, production of goods on a large scale that eventually gave a push to the worldwide trade. This chapter focuses on the history of Britain which was the first industrial nation.
It also explains how the industrial pattern was changed in India due to the colonial rule. This chapter has total seven questions. Class 10 History Chapter - 5 explains the development of print, from its beginnings in East Asia to its expansion in Europe and then in India.
With this chapter, we get to know how print technology affected the cultures and social lives. It also explains how the print revolution resulted in the rise of literacy among poor and women and it gave them an opportunity to raise their voice against the various social issues. Jagranjosh Education Awards Click here if you missed it! This website uses cookie or similar technologies, to enhance your browsing experience and provide personalised recommendations.
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