Grammar All Topics. When we speak or write we used words. We generally use these words in group as for example-. Little Jack Horner sat in a corner. A group of words, which makes complete sense, is called a sentence. Kinds of Sentences. There are mamly five kinds of sentences. Assertive sentence: A sentence that states or declares something is called an assertive or declarative sentences. Interrogative sentence: A sentence that asks a question is called a question or an interrogative sentence.
For example: What time did you come? Imperative sentence: A sentence that expresses a commond, request, suggestion, order or advice is called an imperative sentence. For example: Keep silence. Exclamatory sentence: A sentence that expresses some strong feelings or emotions such as joy, sorrow, surprise or contempt is called an exclamatory sentence. For example: How beautiful the flower is!
Optative sentence: A sentence which expresses wish, desire or pray is called an optative sentence. For example: May God bless you! Study the following sentences:. My father goes for a morning walk daily. She is reading a magazine. I saw Kate yesterday. She was knitting a scarf. We shall go to the zoo tomorrow. He will arrive here next Monday. All these sentences refer to certain actions at certain points of time.
Sentences 1 and 2 refer to actions happening now, i. Similarly, sentences 3 and 1 express actions that happened some time ago, i. Sentences 5 and 6 express actions that will take place some time from now, i.
We may refer to tenses as time references. Study the following diagram:. We see that past extends from the speaker's present to the beginning of time, while future extends from the speaker's present to the end of time.
We also infer that present divides time but itself moves towards future. Now try to understand the difference between the two categories of Auxiliaries. Form tenses and the voices. Form negative and questions. Active Voice.
May stand alone or used with main verb. Changing form according to the number and person of the subject. Help the main verb to convey the different types of actions. Form questions and negatives. Never stand alone, always used with main verb. Express a wide variety of meanings. Their form remains unchanged in spite of number and person of subject.
Look at the sentence given below:. A letter was written by Aditi. The passive voice occurs in both spoken and written English and it is used very frequently in technical writing. Most verbs that take an object can be used in the Passive Voice. In sentences in the Active Voice, the primary focus is on the subject. To give primary focus to the object of the sentence, the sentence can be changed to the Passive Voice.
Futurity, suggestion, insistence. Obligation, advisability, necessity. Willingness, prediction, request inquestion. Willingness, past habit, probability, wish. Purpose, permission, possibility.
Possibility, permission, concession. Ability, permission, possibility, request. Ability, very polite request, possibility. Compulsion, obligation, prohibition. Necessity, obligation. To venture or have courage. Ought to. Expection, advice. Used to. Past habit, existence of something in past. A verb must agree with its subject in number and person. Often, by what is called the?
Error of Proximity? Two or more singular nouns or pronouns joined by and require a plural verb:. But if the nouns suggest one idea, or refer to the same person or thing, the verb is singular:. Words joined to a singular subject by?
The verb should be put in the singular:. Two or more singular subjects connected by? But when one of the subjects joined by 'or' or?
When the subjects joined by? Either, neither, each, everyone, many must be followed by a singular verb:. Two nouns qualified by 'each' or 'every' require a singular verb:. Some nouns which are plural in form, but singular in meaning take a singular verb:. Some nouns which are singular in form, but plural in meaning take a plural verb:.
A collective noun takes a singular verb when the collection is thought of as one whole:. When a plural noun denotes some specific quantity or amount considered as a whole, the verb is generally singular:.
Look at the following diagrams:. Finite verbs agree to the number and person of the subject of a sentence except modal auxiliaries. They act as predicates of sentences. Non-finite verbs cannot by themselves be the predicate of the sentences. They don? Read the following sentences:. The non-finite a? Connectors are the words that are used to join or connect single words, phrases, clauses or sentences.
Words such as and, but, or, so, yet, still are connectors. For example-. Slow and steady wins the race. He is rich but unhappy. Words like- while, whereas, either, neither, though, therefore, both, only, although also come in this category. A phrase is the name given to the structural element and acts as a level between word and clause.
A clause consists of phrases and a phrase consists of words irrespective of their number. A single word acts as the essential element within the phrase. We can call it the head word of the phrase. Look at the following sentences:.
All alone in his study, my father was reading a new book quite slowly. It consists of six phrases:.
Have a last a single purpleheart for stroke insurgency as well as we will have the pattern enchancment. Cover all a underdone card edges with channel fasten in any colour we similar to. As well as it worked. Swimming.
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