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CBSE Class 10 Science MCQs on Chapter 6 Life Processes with Answers

Students who are planning to build their career stream in the field of medicine can refer to this article as biology plays a major role in the medical field. In this article, we have covered all the important topics in the exercises and each answer comes with a detailed explanation to help the class 10 students to understand concepts better. Question 1 Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of multicellular organisms like humans?

Answer: In multicellular organisms like humans, all the body cells are not in direct contact with the surrounding environment. Therefore, every cell of the body will not get oxygen as per need by the process of diffusion from the environment. Therefore diffusion is insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science lab multicellular organisms.

Question 2 What criteria do we use to decide whether something is alive? Answer: The main criteria used to decide whether something is alive are breathing and respiration. However, living beings also show growth and movement. Question 3 What are outside raw materials used by an organism?

Answer: Any organism uses organic molecules as raw material. Heteroptrophs use food and autotrophs use carbon dioxide, minerals, water and all organisms use oxygen for respiration as raw materials. Question 4 What processes would you consider essential for maintaining life? Answer: Processes essential for maintaining life are : i Nutrition ii Respiration iii Transportation iv Excretion. Question 1 What are the differences between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition?

Question 2 Where do plants get each of the raw materials required for photosynthesis? Question 3 What is the role of the acid in our stomach?

Answer: Role of acid in our stomach is : i To make acidic medium which is necessary for the activation of the enzyme pepsin. Question 4 What is the function of digestive enzymes? Answer: The food we eat is complex in nature, i. Digestive enzymes break down these complex molecules into smaller simpler molecules so that they can be absorbed by the walls of the intestine. Question 5 How is the small intestine designed to absorb digested food?

Answer: The small intestine is designed to provide maximum area for absorption of digested food and its transfer into the blood for its circulation into the body. For this the inner lining of the small intestine has numerous finger-like projections called villi. The villi are richly supplied with blood vessels which take the absorbed food to each and every cell of the body.

Question 1 What advantage over an aquatic organism does a terrestrial organism have with regard to obtaining oxygen for respiration? Answer: Aquatic organisms use oxygen dissolved in surrounding water. Since air dissolved in water has fairly low concentration of oxygen, the aquatic organisms have much faster rate of breathing.

Terrestrial organisms take oxygen from the oxygen-rich atmosphere through respiratory organs. Hence, they have much less breathing rate than aquatic organisms. Question 2 What are the different ways in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy in various organisms? Answer: First step of breakdown of glucose 6 carbon molecules takes place in the cytoplasm of cells of all organisms. This process yields a three carbon molecule compound called pyruvate.

Further break down of pyruvate takes place in different ways in different organisms. The release of energy in aerobic respiration is much more than in anaerobic respiration.

Formation of lactic acid in muscles causes ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science lab. Question 3 How is oxygen and carbon dioxide ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science lab in human beings?

Answer: i Transport of oxygen : Haemoglobin present in the blood takes up the oxygen from the air in the lungs. It carries the oxygen to tissues which are deficient in oxygen before releasing it. Therefore, it is mostly transported from body tissues in the dissolved form in our blood plasma to lungs. Here it diffuses from blood to air in the lungs. Question 4 How are the lungs designed in human beings to maximise the area for exchange of gases?

Answer: Within the lungs, the air passage divides into smaller and smaller tubes, called bronchi which in turn form bronchioles. The bronchioles terminate in balloon-like structures, called alveoli. The alveoli present in the lungs provide maximum surface for exchange of gases. The alveoli have vary thin walls and contain an extensive network of blood vessels to facilitate exchange of gases.

Question 1 What are the components of the transport system in human beings? What are the functions of these components? Answer: The transport system circulatory system in human beings mainly consists of heart, blood and blood vessels.

It receives purified blood from lungs and pumps it around the body. It also protects the body from diseases and regulates the body temperature. Question 2 Why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in mammals and birds? Answer: Separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood allows good supply of oxygen to the body. This system is useful in ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science lab that have high energy requirement.

Mammals and birds constantly need oxygen to get energy to maintain their body temperature constant. Question 3 What are the components of the transport system in highly organised plants? Answer: In highly organised plants there are two conducting tissues xylem and phloem. Xylem consists of vessels, tracheids and other xylem tissues.

The interconnected vessels and tracheids form a continuous system of water conducting channels reaching all parts of the plant. Xylem carries water and minerals. Phloem conducts soluble products of photosynthesis from leaves to different parts of the plant body. Question 4 How are water and minerals transport in plants? The root hair are directly in contact with the film of water in between the soil particles.

Water and dissolved minerals get into the root hair by the process of diffusion. The water ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science lab minerals absorbed by the root hair from the soil pass from cell to ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science lab by osmosis through the epidermis, root cortex, endodermis and reach the root xylem.

The xylem vessels of the root of the plant are connected to the xylem vessels of its stem. Therefore the water containing dissolved minerals enters the root xylem vessels into stem xylem vessels.

The xylem vessels of the stem branch into the leaves of the plants. So, the water and minerals carried by the xylem vessels in the stem reach the leaves through the branched xylem vessels which enter from the petiole stalk of the leaf into each and every part of the leaf.

Thus the water and minerals from the soil reach through the root and stem to the leaves of the plants. Evaporation of water molecules from the cells of a leaf creates a suction which pulls water from the xylem cells of roots. The loss of water in the form of vapour from the aerial parts of the plant is known as transpiration. Question 5 How is food transported in plants?

Answer: The movement of food in phloem or translocation takes place by utilizing energy. The sugar food made in leaves is loaded into the sieve tubes of phloem tissue by using energy from ATR Water now enters the sieve tubes containing sugar by the process of osmosis due to which the pressure in the phloem tissue rises.

This high pressure produced in the phloem tissue moves the food to all parts of the plant having less pressure in their tissues. This allows the phloem to transport food according to the needs of the plant. Question 1 Describe the structure and functions of nephrons. Answer: Structure of nephron : Each nephron is composed of two parts.

One end of the glomerulus is attached to the renal artery which brings the impure blood containing the urea waste into it. These impurities are filtered. The other part of the nephron is coiled.

In this part, the substances ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science lab sugar glucoseamino acid, ions and excess water which are required by the body, are reabsorbed.

The substance remained in the nephron is mainly urine containing dissolved urea in water which is expelled from the body through Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Ch 6 Life Processes Science Value urethra from time to time. The filtrate passes into the tubular part of the nephron. This filtrate contains glucose, amino acids, urea, uric acid, salts and water. Reabsorption : As the filtrate flows along the tubule, useful substances such as glucose, amino acids, salts and water are selectively reabsorbed into the blood by capillaries surrounding the nephron tubule.

Urine : The filtrate which remained after reabsorption is called urine. Urine contains dissolved nitrogenous waste like urea and uric acid, excess salts and water. Urine is collected from nephrons to carry it to the ureter from where it passes into urinary bladder.

Question 2 What are the methods used by plants to get rid of excretory ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science lab Answer: ncert solutions for class 10th ch 6 life processes science lab The plants get rid of gaseous products-through stomata in leaves and lenticels in stems. Question 3 How is the amount of urine produced regulated?

Answer: The amount of urine is regulated by kidney. It depends on the quantity of excess water and wastes dissolved in water. When water is less in quantity in the body tissues, a small quantity of concentrate urine is excreted. When there is more quantity of dissolved wastes in the body, more quantity of water is required to excrete. Therefore, the amount of urine produced increases. Question 1 The kidneys in human beings are a part of the system for i nutrition ii respiration iii excretion iv transportation Answer: iii Excretion.

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Example of other unicellular organisms are Paramoecium and Euglena. Pseudopodia also help amoeba in locomotion. Question 2: a Where are salivary glands located in human beings?

State the role of saliva in the digestion of food. Answer 2: Salivary glands secrete their secretion called saliva in the mouth cavity.

There are three pairs of salivary glands located in the mouth. Saliva Amylase enzyme. Role Or Function of saliva: 1. Saliva moisten the food thus help in chewing of food by the teeth.

Human saliva contains an enzyme called salivary amylase that converts starch into maltose a sugar. Saliva also helps in swolling and passage of food chewed food through the food canal which has soft lining.

Thus, it is necessary for them to separate oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood, so that their circulatory system is more efficient and can maintain their constant body temperature. Some finger like projection are present in the inner wall of small intestine. Write their name. Why are they important? Which is the internal energy reserve in plants? Do the animals have the same energy reserve?

Justify your answer. What are nutrients? Explain the structure of stomata. Write functions of guard cells. Write major functions of stomata present in the epidermis.

Stomata remains closed during the day in desert plants. How they get carbon dioxide for photosynthesis? Explain parasitic mode of nutrition with two examples. How does nutrition takes place in Paramoecium? What is emulsification? Important Questions on 10th Science Chapter 6 How are fats digested in our bodies?

Where does this process take place? Fats are present in the form of large globules in the small intestine. The small intestine gets the secretions in the form of bile juice and pancreatic juice respectively from the liver and the pancreas. The bile salts from the liver break down the large fat globules into smaller globules so that the pancreatic enzymes can easily act on them.

This is referred to as emulsification of fats. It takes place in the small intestine. What is the role of saliva in the digestion of food? Saliva is secreted by the salivary glands, located under the tongue. It makes the food soft for easy swallowing. It contains a digestive enzyme called salivary amylase, which breaks down starch into sugar.

How are the alveoli designed to maximise the exchange of gases? The alveoli are the small balloon-like structures present in the lungs. The walls of the alveoli consist of extensive network of blood vessels. The alveolar surface when spread out covers about 80 m2 area.

This large surface area makes the gaseous exchange more efficient. What would be the consequences of a deficiency of haemoglobin in our bodies? Haemoglobin is the respiratory pigment that transports oxygen to the body cells for cellular respiration.

Therefore, deficiency of haemoglobin in blood can affect the oxygen supplying capacity of blood. This can lead to deficiency of oxygen in the body cells. It can also lead to a disease called anaemia. Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of multicellular organisms like humans? In multi-cellular organisms, all the cells may not be in direct contact with the surrounding environment.

Thus, simple diffusion will not meet the requirements of all the cells. What criteria do we use to decide whether something is alive? Any visible movement such as walking, breathing, or growing is generally used to decide whether something is alive or not. However, a living organism can also have movements, which are not visible to the naked eye.

Therefore, the presence of molecular movement inside the organisms used to decide whether something is alive Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Ch 6 Life Processes Science Engineering or not. What are outside raw materials used for by an organism? An organism uses outside raw materials mostly in the form of food Since life on earth depends on carbon based molecules, most of these food sources are also carbon-based and oxygen. The raw materials required by an organism can be quite varied depending on the complexity of the organism and its environment.

What is the role of the acid in our stomach? Role of the acid HCl in our stomach: Kills germs present in the food and makes the food acidic, so that pepsin can digest protein. How is the small intestine designed to absorb digested food? The small intestine has millions of tiny finger-like projections called villi. These villi increase the surface area for food absorption.

Within these villi, many blood vessels are present that absorb the digested food and carry it to the blood stream. From the blood stream, the absorbed food is delivered to each and every cell of the body. How are the lungs designed in human beings to maximise the area for exchange of gases? The exchange of gases takes place between the blood capillaries that surround the alveoli and the gases present in the alveoli.

Thus, alveoli are the site for exchange of gases. The lungs get filled up with air during the process of inhalation as ribs are lifted up and diaphragm is flattened. The air that is rushed inside the lungs fills the numerous alveoli present in the lungs. Each lung contains million alveoli. These numerous alveoli increase the surface area for gaseous exchange making the process of respiration more efficient.

Why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in mammals and birds? Warm-blooded animals such as birds and mammals maintain a constant body temperature by cooling themselves when they are in a hotter environment and by warming their bodies when they are in a cooler environment. Therefore diffusion is insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of multicellular organisms.

Question 2 What criteria do we use to decide whether something is alive? Answer: The main criteria used to decide whether something is alive are breathing and respiration. However, living beings also show growth and movement. Question 3 What are outside raw materials used by an organism? Answer: Any organism uses organic molecules as raw material. Heteroptrophs use food and autotrophs use carbon dioxide, minerals, water and all organisms use oxygen for respiration as raw materials.

Question 4 What processes would you consider essential for maintaining life? Answer: Processes essential for maintaining life are Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Ch 6 Life Processes Science Result : i Nutrition ii Respiration iii Transportation iv Excretion. Question 1 What are the differences between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition? Question 2 Where do plants get each of the raw materials required for photosynthesis?

Question 3 What is the role of the acid in our stomach? Answer: Role of acid in our stomach is : i To make acidic medium which is necessary for the activation of the enzyme pepsin.

Question 4 What is the function of digestive enzymes? Answer: The food we eat is complex in nature, i. Digestive enzymes break down these complex molecules into smaller simpler molecules so that they can be absorbed by the walls of the intestine. Question 5 How is the small intestine designed to absorb digested food?

Answer: The small intestine is designed to provide maximum area for absorption of digested food and its transfer into the blood for its circulation into the body. For this the inner lining of the small intestine has numerous finger-like projections called villi. The villi are richly supplied with blood vessels which take the absorbed food to each and every cell of the body. Question 1 What advantage over an aquatic organism does a terrestrial organism have with regard to obtaining oxygen for respiration?

Answer: Aquatic organisms use oxygen dissolved in surrounding water. Since air dissolved in water has fairly low concentration of oxygen, the aquatic organisms have much faster rate of breathing. Terrestrial organisms take oxygen from the oxygen-rich atmosphere through respiratory organs.

Hence, they have much less breathing rate than aquatic organisms. Question 2 What are the different ways in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy in various organisms? Answer: First step of breakdown of glucose 6 carbon molecules takes place in the cytoplasm of cells of all organisms.

This process yields a three carbon molecule compound called pyruvate. Further break down of pyruvate takes place in different ways in different organisms. The release of energy in aerobic respiration is much more than in anaerobic respiration. Formation of lactic acid in muscles causes cramp. Question 3 How is oxygen and carbon dioxide transported in human beings? Answer: i Transport of oxygen : Haemoglobin present in the blood takes up the oxygen from the air in the lungs.

It carries the oxygen to tissues which are deficient in oxygen before releasing it. Therefore, it is mostly transported from body tissues in the dissolved form in our blood plasma to lungs.

Here it diffuses from blood to air in the lungs. Question 4 How are the lungs designed in human beings to maximise the area for exchange of gases? Answer: Within the lungs, the air passage divides into smaller and smaller tubes, called bronchi which in turn form bronchioles. The bronchioles terminate in balloon-like structures, called alveoli.

The alveoli present in the lungs provide maximum surface for exchange of gases. The alveoli have vary thin walls and contain an extensive network of blood vessels to facilitate exchange of gases.

Question 1 What are the components of the transport system in human beings? What are the functions of these components? Answer: The transport system circulatory system in human beings mainly consists of heart, blood and blood vessels. It receives purified blood from lungs and pumps it around the body. It also protects the body from diseases and regulates the body temperature.

Question 2 Why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in mammals and birds? Answer: Separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood allows good supply of oxygen to the body. This system is useful in animals that have high energy requirement. Mammals and birds constantly need oxygen to get energy to maintain their body temperature constant. Question 3 What are the components of the transport system in highly organised plants?

Answer: In highly organised plants there are two conducting tissues xylem and phloem. Xylem consists of vessels, tracheids and other xylem tissues. The interconnected vessels and tracheids form a continuous system of water conducting channels reaching all parts of the plant. Xylem carries water and minerals. Phloem conducts soluble products of photosynthesis from leaves to different parts of the plant body.

Question 4 How are water and minerals transport in plants? The root hair are directly in contact with the film of water in between the soil particles. Water and dissolved minerals get into the root hair by the process of diffusion. The water and minerals absorbed by the root hair from the soil pass from cell to cell by osmosis through the epidermis, root cortex, endodermis and reach the root xylem.

The xylem vessels of the root of the plant are connected to the xylem vessels of its stem. Therefore the water containing dissolved minerals enters the root xylem vessels into stem xylem vessels. The xylem vessels of the stem branch into the leaves of the plants.

So, the water and minerals carried by the xylem vessels in the stem reach the leaves through the branched xylem vessels which enter from the petiole stalk of the leaf into each and every part of the leaf.

Thus the water and minerals from the soil reach through the root and stem to the leaves of the plants. Evaporation of water molecules from the cells of a leaf creates a suction which pulls water from the xylem cells of roots. The loss of water in the form of vapour from the aerial parts of the plant is known as transpiration. Question 5 How is food transported in plants?

Answer: The movement of food in phloem or translocation takes place by utilizing energy. The sugar food made in leaves is loaded into the sieve tubes of phloem tissue by using energy from ATR Water now enters Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Ch 6 Life Processes Science Malaysia the sieve tubes containing sugar by the process of osmosis due to which the pressure in the phloem tissue rises. This high pressure produced in the phloem tissue moves the food to all parts of the plant having less pressure in their tissues.

This allows the phloem to transport food according to the needs of the plant. Question 1 Describe the structure and functions of nephrons. Answer: Structure of nephron : Each nephron is composed of two parts.

One end of the glomerulus is attached to the renal artery which brings the impure blood containing the urea waste into it. These impurities are filtered. The other part of the nephron is coiled. In this part, the substances like sugar glucose , amino acid, ions and excess water which are required by the body, are reabsorbed. The substance remained in the nephron is mainly urine containing dissolved urea in water which is expelled from the body through urethra from time to time.

The filtrate passes into the tubular part of the nephron. This filtrate contains glucose, amino acids, urea, uric acid, salts and water. Reabsorption : As the filtrate flows along the tubule, useful substances such as glucose, amino acids, salts and water are selectively reabsorbed into the blood by capillaries surrounding the nephron tubule.

Urine : The filtrate which remained after reabsorption is called urine. Urine contains dissolved nitrogenous waste like urea and uric acid, excess salts and water. Urine is collected from nephrons to carry it to the ureter from where it passes into urinary bladder.

Question 2 What are the methods used by plants to get rid of excretory products? Answer: i The plants get rid of gaseous products-through stomata in leaves and lenticels in stems.

Question 3 How is the amount of urine produced regulated? Answer: The amount of urine is regulated by kidney. It depends on the quantity of excess water and wastes dissolved in water. When water is less in quantity in the body tissues, a small quantity of concentrate urine is excreted. When there is more quantity of dissolved wastes in the body, more quantity of water is required to excrete them.

Therefore, the amount of urine produced increases. Question 1 The kidneys in human beings are a part of the system for i nutrition ii respiration iii excretion iv transportation Answer: iii Excretion. Question 2 The xylem in plants are responsible for i transport of water ii transport of food iii transport of amino acids iv transport of oxygen Answer: i Transport of water.

Question 3 The autotrophic mode of nutrition requires i carbon dioxide and water ii chlorophyll iii sunlight iv all of the above Answer: iv All of the above. Question 4 The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water and energy takes place in i cytoplasm ii mitochondria iii chloroplast iv nucleus Answer: ii Mitochondria.

Question 5 How are fats digested in our bodies? Where does this process take place? Answer: Digestion of fats takes place in the small intestine. Bile juice secreted by the liver poured in the intestine along with pancreatic juice. The bile salts present in the bile juice emulsify fhe large globules of fats. Therefore, by enulsification large globules break down into fine globules to provide larger surface area to act upon by the enzymes.

Lipase enzyme present in the pancreatic juice causes break down of emulsified fats. Glands present in the wall of small intestine secrete intestinal juice which contains lipase enzyme that converts fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 6 What is the role of saliva in the digestion of food? Answer: Saliva contains salivary amylase enzyme that breaks down starch into sugars like maltose. Saliva keeps the mouth cavity clean and moistens the food that help in chewing and breaking down the big pieces of food into smaller ones.

Question 7 What are the necessary conditions or autotrophic nutrition and what are its by-products? Answer: Necessary conditions for autotrophic nutrition : i Presence of chlorophyll in the living cells. By-product of auto tropic nutrition is oxygen. Question 8 What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Name some organisms that use the anaerobic mode of respiration. Question 9 How are the alveoli designed to maximise the exchange of gases? Answer: i The alveoli are thin walled and richly supplied with a network of blood vessels to facilitate exchange of gases between blood and the air filled in alveoli.

Hence, provide maximum surface for exchange of gases. Question 10 What would be the consequences of a deficiency of haemoglobin in our bodies? Answer: Due to the deficiency of haemoglobin in blood, its oxygen carrying capacity decreases. As a result the production of energy by oxidation will become slower.

Therefore, one would fall sick and would feel fatigue most of the time. Question 11 Describe double circulation in human beings. Why is it necessary? Answer: In our heart blood enters twice and also pumped out twice from the heart. The deoxygenated blood from the body is brought to the right atrium through vena cava from where it is sent to right ventricle. From right ventricle, the blood is pumped to the lungs for oxygenation through pulmonary artery.

The oxygenated blood from lungs again enters the left atrium of the heart through pulmonary veins. From left atrium it is send to left ventricle, from where this oxygenated blood is pumped to different parts of body through the arteries. Necessity of double circulation: The right side and the left side of the human heart are useful to keep deoxygenated and oxygenated blood from mixing. This type of separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood ensures a highly efficient supply of oxygen to the body.

This is useful in case of humans who constantly need energy to maintain their body temperature. Question 12 What are the differences between the transport of materials in xylem and phloem? Question 13 Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys with respect to their structure and functioning. Basic concept of nutrition, respiration, transport and excretion in plants and animals.

Question 1 How are fats digested in our bodies? Solution: The small intestine is the site of the complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. It receives the secretions of the liver and pancreas for this purpose. The food coming from the stomach is acidic and has to be made alkaline for the pancreatic enzymes to act.

Bile juice from the liver accomplishes this in addition to acting on fats. Fats are present in the intestine in the form of large globules, which make it difficult for enzymes to act on them. Bile salts break them down into smaller globules increasing the efficiency of enzyme action.

The pancreas secretes pancreatic juice, which contains enzymes like trypsin for digesting proteins and lipase for breaking down emulsified fats. The walls of the small intestine contain glands, which secrete intestinal juice.

The enzymes present in it finally convert the proteins to amino acids, complex carbohydrates into glucose and fats into fatty acids and glycerol. Question 2 What is the role of saliva in the digestion of food? This is actually not only water, but also a fluid called saliva secreted by the salivary glands. Another aspect of the food we ingest is its complex nature.

If it is to be absorbed from the alimentary canal, it has to be broken into smaller molecules. This is done with the help of biological catalysts called enzymes. The saliva contains an enzyme called salivary amylase that breaks down starch, which is a complex molecule to give sugar. The food is mixed thoroughly with saliva and moved around the mouth while chewing by the muscular tongue.

Question 3 What are the necessary conditions for autotrophic nutrition and what are its byproducts? Solution: Carbon and energy requirements of the autotrophic organism are fulfilled by photosynthesis. It is the process by which autotrophs take in substances from the outside and convert them into stored forms of energy. This material is taken in the form of carbon dioxide and water, which is converted into carbohydrates in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.

Carbohydrates are utilised for providing energy to the plant. The carbohydrates, which are not used immediately, are stored in the form of starch, which serves as the internal energy reserve to be used as and when required by the plant. Question 4 What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

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