NCERT CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids, Bases and Salts PDF Class 10 Chemistry Acids Bases Salts. Share this Video Lesson with your friends Support US to Provide FREE Education Subscribe to Us on YouTube Prev Next > Try Further learning steps. Topics in this lesson. Acids, Bases and Salts Acids, Bases and Salts Acids, Bases and Salts Class 10 Questions and Answers. INTEXT QUESTION � Page No.- Q1. You have been provided with three test-tubes contains distilled water and the other two contain an acidic solution and a basic solution, respectively. Sep 27, �� NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids And Bases: In this article, we will provide you with NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids And Bases. Having proper knowledge of the theories, sufficient practice of the reactions, equations and formulas, and solving questions from the NCERT Chemistry books are very important if you want to score well in Science for Class
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A solution reacts with crushed egg-shell to be give that turns lime water milky. The solution contains:. The CO 2 gas turns lime water milky. Which one the following types of medicine is used for treating indigestion? Write word equation and then balanced equation for the reaction taking place when :. Compounds such as alcohols and glucose also contain hydrogen but are not categorised as acid. Describe an activity to prove it? Activity: set the apparatus as shown below and test for the solution of HCl, alcohol and glucose.

Distilled water does not contain any ions and have no electrolytes. Hence, it does not conduct electricity. But in rain water, a small amount of electrolyte is present in the form of acid. These acids are produced due to dissolution of acidic oxides eg.

Hence, acid show acidic behaviour only in the presence of water and not in its absence. Which solution is :. Equal lengths of magnesium ribbon are taken in test tubes A and B. Amount and concentration taken for both the acids are same. In which test tube, will the fizzing occur more vigorously and why?

Fresh milk has a ph 6. How do you think the pH will change as it turns into curd? Fresh milk is slightly acidic naturally. Fresh milk is made slightly alkaline by adding a little of baking soda so that it may not get sour easily due to the formation of lactic acid in it.

The slightly alkaline milk takes a longer time to set into curd because the lactic acid being formed during curdling has to first neutralise the alkali present in it.

Plaster of Paris should be stored in moisture proof containers. Explain why? Plaster of Paris should be stored in a moisture proof container because the presence of moisture or water can cause its slow setting by bringing about its hydration. That will make the plaster of Paris useless at same time. The reaction between an acid and base to form salt and water is called neutralisation reaction.

Why does an aqueous solution of an acid conduct electricity? Why does dry HCl gas not change the colour of dry litmus paper? The process of mixing water to a concentrated acid is highly exothermic in which a large amount of heat is evolved: i When the concentrated acid is added to water, then the heat is evolved gradually and easily absorbed by the large amount of water.

Solution A is acidic and solution B is basic. What is the common name of the compound CaCl 2? Bleaching powder. Slaked lime Q3. Name the sodium compound which is used for softening hard water? Sodium carbonate Washing soda. A solution turns red litmus blue, its pH is likely to be: 1 4 5 10 Ans. Write word equation and then balanced equation for the reaction taking place when : Ans.

Diagram Observation: i The bulb glows when dilute HCl was added to beaker. Why do not acids show acidic behaviour in the absence of water? Which solution is : a neutral b strongly alkaline c strongly acidic d weakly acidic e weakly alkaline? Reaction doors in test tube B. A milkman adds a very small amount of baking soda to fresh milk.

Why does he shift the pH of the fresh milk from 6 to slightly alkaline? Why does this milk take a longer time to set as curd? What is neutralisation reaction? Give two examples? Give two important uses of washing soda and baking soda? Uses of washing soda are: i. It is used as a cleansing agent. Uses of baking soda are: i. It is used in bakery. It is used for extinguishing fire in soda and fire extinguishers. Going through them will help you in getting a better understanding of how to solve problems.

Question 1 You have been provided with three test tubes. One of them contains distilled water and the other two contain an acidic solution and a basic solution, respectively. If you are given only red litmus paper, how will you identify the contents of each test tube? Answer: i Put the red litmus paper in all the test tubes, turn by turn. The solution which turns red litmus to blue will be a basic solution. The blue litmus paper formed here can now be used to test the acidic solution.

The solution which turns the blue litmus paper to red will be the acidic solution. Question 1 Why should curd and sour substances not be kept in brass and copper vessels? Answer: Curd and sour substances should not be kept in brass and copper vessels because these and other sour food-stuffs contain acids which can react with the metal of the vessel to form poisonous metal compounds which can cause food poisoning and affect our health adversely.

Question 2 Which gas is usually liberated when an acid reacts with a metal? Illustrate with an example. How will you test for the presence of this gas? Answer: i Hydrogen H 2 gas is liberated when an acid reacts with a metal. Take some zinc granules in the test tube. Add about 5 mL dilute hydrochloric acid slowly. Soon the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid starts and hydrogen gas is evolved. When passed through soap solution, it gets trapped into bubbles. Bring a burning candle near the soap bubble filled with gas.

The soap bubble bursts and hydrogen gas burns with a pop sound. Question 3 Metal compound A reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce effervescence. The gas evolved extinguishes a burning candle. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction if one of the compounds formed is calcium chloride.

Answer: As the end product is calcium chloride and the gas formed is carbon dioxide, the metal compound A must be calcium carbonate. Therefore, the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid is.

Question 1 Why do HCl, HNO 3 , etc show acidic characters in aqueous solutions while solutions of compounds like alcohol and glucose do not show acidic character? HCl, HNO 3 , etc. Therefore, alcohol and glucose do not show acidic character. Question 2 Why does an aqueous solution of an acid conduct electricity? Answer: The aqueous solution of an acid conducts electricity due to the presence of charged particles called ions in it.

Question 3 Why does dry HCl gas not change the colour of the dry litmus paper? Question 4 While diluting an acid, why is it recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid? Answer: While diluting an acid it is recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid because if water is added to concentrated acid to dilute it, then a large amount of heat is evolved at once. Answer: When a given amount of an acid is added to water, there is a fixed number of hydronium ions per volume of the solution.

On dilution, the number of hydronium ions per volume decreases and concentration decreases. Question 6 How is the concentration of hydroxide ions OH � affected when excess base is dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide? Answer: The concentration of hydroxide ions will increase when excess base is dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide, but it happens to a limited extent only after which the concentration becomes almost constant.

Question 1 You have two solutions A and B. The pH of solution A is 6 and pH of solution B is 8. Which solution has more hydrogen ion concentration? Which of this is acidic and which one is basic? Answer: A pH value of less than 7 indicates an acidic solution, while greater than 7 indicates a basic solution. Since solution A has more hydrogen ion concentration, solution A is acidic and solution B is basic. If yes, then why are these basic? But these are far less in number than OH � ions that is responsible for their basic nature.

Question 4 Under what soil condition do you think a farmer would treat the soil of his fields with quick lime calcium oxide or slaked lime calcium hydroxide or chalk calcium carbonate?

Answer: If the soil is too acidic having low pH then it is treated with materials like quick lime calcium oxide or slaked lime calcium hydroxide or chalk calcium carbonate. Question 1 What is the common name of the compound CaOCl 2? Answer: Bleaching powder. Question 2 Name the substance which on treatment with chlorine yields bleaching powder. Answer: Slaked lime Ca OH 2. Question 3 Name the sodium compound which is used for softening hard water. Answer: Sodium carbonate.

Question 4 What will happen if a solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate is heated. Give the equation of the reaction involved? Answer: Solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate on heating gives sodium carbonate and carbon dioxide gas is evolved. Question 5 Write an equation to show the reaction between plaster of Paris and water. Question 1 A solution turns red litmus blue, its pH is likely to be a 1 b 4 c 5 d 10 Answer: d Question 2 A solution reacts with crushed-egg shells to give a gas that turns lime water milky.

Question 4 Which one of the following types of medicines is used for treating indigestion? Question 6 Compounds such as alcohol and glucose also contain hydrogen but are not categorised as acids. Describe an activity to prove it. The bulb does not glow in this case also. This shows that alcohols and glucose are not acids. Question 7 Why does distilled water not conduct electricity, whereas rainwater does?

Answer: Distilled water does not conduct electricity because it does not contain any ionic compound like acids, bases or salts dissolved in it. Rainwater, while falling to the earth through the atmosphere, dissolves an acidic gas carbon dioxide from the air and forms carbonic acid H 2 CO 3. Hence, due to the presence of carbonic acid which provides ions to rainwater, the rainwater conducts electricity. Question 8 Why do acids not show acidic behaviour in the absence of water?

The acid produces hydrogen ions only in the presence of water. So in the absence of water, an acid will not form hydrogen ions and hence will not show its acidic behaviour.

Which solution is a Neutral b Strongly alkaline c Strongly acidic d Weakly acidic e Weakly alkaline Arrange the pH in increasing order of hydrogen ion concentration. Question 10 Equal lengths of magnesium ribbons are taken in test tubes A and B. In which test tube will the fizzing occur more vigorously and why? Answer: Fizzing will occur more vigorously in test tube A. Being strong acid, the hydrochloric acid solution contains a much greater amount of hydrogen ions in it due to which the fizzing will occur more vigorously in test tube A containing hydrochloric acid.

The fizzing is due to the evolution of hydrogen gas which is formed by the action of acid on the magnesium metal of magnesium ribbon. Question 11 fresh milk has a pH of 6. How do you think the pH will change as it turns into curd? Explain your answer. Answer: pH of milk falls below 6 as it turns into curd due to the formation of lactic acid during this process. Lactic acid present in it reduces 10th Ncert Acids And Bases Name its pH value. Question 12 A milkman adds a very small amount of baking soda to fresh milk.

Answer: a Milk is made slightly alkaline so that it may not get sour easily due to the formation of lactic acid in it. Question 13 Plaster of Paris should be stored in a moisture proof container. Explain why? Answer: Plaster of Paris should be stored in a moisture proof container because the presence of moisture can cause slow setting of plaster of Paris by bringing about its hydration. This will make the plaster of Paris useless after sometime. Question 14 What is a neutralisation reaction?

Give two examples. Answer: The reaction between an acid and a base to form salt and water is called a neutralisation reaction. Question 15 Give two important uses of washing soda and baking soda. Answer: Uses of washing soda : i Washing soda is used in glass, soap and paper industries.

Uses of baking soda : i Baking soda is used as an antacid in medicines to remove acidity of the stomach. One of them contains distilled water and the other two contain an acidic solution and a basic solution respectively. Solution: The contents of each test tube would be identified by change in colour of red litmus paper.

For example, when we wet the red litmus paper with the basic solution, it changes into blue colour. Put the changed blue litmus paper in the solution which turns the blue to red will be the acidic solution.

The solution, which has no effect on any litmus paper, will be neutral and hence it will be distilled water. Question 2 Why should curd and sour substances not be kept in brass and copper vessels? Solution: Curd and other sour foodstuffs contain acids, which can react with the metal of the vessel to form poisonous metal compounds which can cause food poisoning and damage our health. Question 3 Which gas is usually liberated when an acid reacts with a metal?

Solution: When an acid reacts with metal, a salt and hydrogen gas is formed. Question 4 Metal compound A reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce effervescence. Solution: The gas that extinguishes a burning candle is carbon dioxide, which is formed by the action of dilute hydrochloric acid on a metal carbonate and produces effervescence. Now, since one of the compounds formed is calcium chloride, it shows that the metal compound is calcium carbonate.

Thus, the metal compound A is calcium carbonate CaCO 3. Calcium carbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form calcium chloride, carbon dioxide and water. This can be written as:. The compounds such as glucose and alcohol also contain hydrogen but they do not show acidic character. Question 6 Why does an aqueous solution of acid conduct electricity? Solution: The aqueous solution of an acid conducts electricity due to the presence of charged particles called ions in it.

Question 7 Why does dry HCl gas not change the colour of the dry litmus paper? Solution: Dry HCl gas does not contain any hydrogen ions in it, so it does not show acidic behaviour. Question 8 While 10th Ncert Acids And Bases Market diluting an acid, why is it recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid?

Solution: Diluting an acid should be done by adding concentrated acid to water gradually with stirring and not by adding water to concentrated acid. The heat is evolved gradually when a concentrated acid is added to water for diluting an acid and the large amount of water is easily absorbed. If, however, water is added to concentrated acid to dilute it, a large amount of heat is evolved at once.

The heat generated may cause the mixture to splash the acid on our face or clothes and cause acid burns. Question 10 How is the concentration of hydroxide ions OH- affected when excess base is dissolved in water? Solution: When the solution of a base is diluted by mixing more water in it, the concentration of hydroxide ions OH � ions per unit volume decreases. Question 11 You have two solutions A and B.

Solution: The pH of a solution is inversely proportional to its hydrogen ion concentration.




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