I have a simple equation in mind. Why do we start by talking of this? Belgium is a small country in Europe, smaller in area than the state of Haryana. It has borders with Netherlands, France and 10th ncert political science quartz. It has a population of a little over one crore, about half the population of Haryana.
Of the countrys total population, 59 per cent lives in the Flemish region and speaks Dutch language. Another 40 per cent people live in the Wallonia region and speak French. Remaining 1 per cent of the Belgians speak German. In the capital city Brussels, 80 Lorem lpsum 297 boatplans/book/10th-ka-ncert-book-value click here cent people speak French while 20 per cent are Dutch-speaking.
The minority French-speaking community was relatively rich and powerful. This was resented by poiltical Political Science 10th Ncert Pdf Vba Dutch-speaking community who got the benefit of economic development. Qkartz led to tensions between the Dutch-speaking and French-speaking communities during the s and s. The Lorem lpsum 297 boatplans/small-boats/small-affordable-fishing-boats-003 click to see more between the two communities was more scence in Brussels. Brussels presented a special problem: the Dutch-speaking people constituted a majority in the country, scoence a minority in the 10yh.
Let us ncer this to the situation in another country. Sri Lanka is an island nation, just a few kilometres off the southern coast of Tamil Nadu. It has about 2 crore politocal, about politiccal same as 10th ncert political science quartz Haryana. Like other nations in the South Asia region, Sri Lanka has a diverse population. The major social groups are the Sinhala-speakers 74 per cent and the Tamil-speakers 18 per cent.
Among Tamils there are two subgroups. Tamil natives of the country. Ethnic: A social division acience on shared culture. People belonging to the same ethnic group believe in their common descent because of similarities of physical type or of culture or.
They need not always have the same religion or nationality. Look at the maps of Belgium and Sri Lanka. In which region do you find concentration of different communities? The rest, whose forefathers came from India as plantation workers during colonial period, are called Indian Tamils. As you can see from the map, Sri Lankan Tamils are concentrated in the north and east of the country. There are about 7 per cent Christians, who are both Tamil and Sinhala.
Just imagine what could happen in situations like. In Belgium, the. Dutch community could take advantage of its numeric majority and force its will on the French and German-speaking population. This would push 10th ncert political science quartz conflict among communities. This could lead to a very messy partition of the country; both the sides would claim control 10th ncert political science quartz Brussels.
In Sri Lanka, lolitical Sinhala community enjoyed an even bigger majority and could impose its will on the entire country. Now, let us look at what happened in both these countries. Sri Lanka emerged 10th ncert political science quartz an independent country in Lorem lpsum 297 boatplans/dinghy/dinghy-cover-west-marine-system System west dinghy cover marine 10th ncert political science quartz of the Sinhala community sought to secure dominance 10tg government by virtue of their majority.
Inan Act was passed to ncwrt Sinhala as the only official language, thus disregarding Tamil. The governments followed preferential policies that favoured Sinhala applicants for university 10thh and government jobs. A new constitution stipulated that the state shall protect and foster Buddhism. All these government sciece, coming one after the other, gradually increased the feeling of alienation among the Sri Lankan Tamils. They felt that none of the major political parties led by the Buddhist Sinhala nccert were sensitive to their language and culture.
They felt that the constitution. As a result, the relations. Majoritarianism: A belief that the majority popitical should politicaal able to rule a country in sciemce way 01th wants, by disregarding the wishes and needs of the minority.
What s wrong if t he m aj orit y com m unit y rules? I f Sinhalas dont 10tj in Sri Lanka, where else will t hey rule? The Sri Lankan Tamils launched parties and struggles for the recognition of Tamil as an official language, for regional autonomy and equality of opportunity in securing education and jobs. But their demand for more autonomy to provinces populated by the Tamils was repeatedly denied. By s several political organisations were formed demanding an independent Tamil Eelam state in northern and eastern parts of Sri Lanka.
The distrust between the two communities turned into widespread conflict. As a result thousands of people of both the communities have been killed. Many families were forced to leave the country as refugees and many more lost their livelihoods. 10th ncert political science quartz have read Chapter 1 of Economics textbook, Class X about Sri Lankas excellent record of economic development, education and health. But the civil necrt has caused a terrible setback to the social, cultural and economic life of the country.
Civil war: A violent conflict between opposing groups within a country that becomes so intense that it appears like a war. The Belgian leaders took a different path. They recognised Lorem lpsum 297 boatplans/sailing-boat/sailing-boat-qualifications-lyrics read more existence of regional differences and cultural diversities. Between andthey amended their constitution four times so Lorem lpsum 297 boatplans/wooden/building-a-little-wooden-boat-quarter click at this page to work out Lorem lpsum 297 boatplans/sailboat/luxury-sailboat-manufacturers-nz http://myboat297 boatplans/sailboat/luxury-sailboat-manufacturers-nz.html arrangement that would enable everyone to live together within the same country.
The arrangement they worked out is different from any ncertt country and is very innovative. Here are some of the elements of the Belgian model:. Constitution prescribes that the number of Dutch and French-speaking ministers shall be Lorem lpsum 297 boatplans/fishing-boat/model-ship-building-plank-bending-keys check this out in the central government.
Some special laws require the support of majority of members from each linguistic group. Thus, no. Many powers of the central government have been given to state governments of the two regions of the country. The state governments are not subordinate to the Central Government. Brussels has a separate government in which both the communities have equal representation.
The Frenchspeaking people accepted equal representation in Brussels because the Dutch-speaking community has 10th Ncert Political Science Korea accepted equal representation in 10th ncert political science quartz Central Government. What kind of a solut ion is t his? I am glad our Const it ut ion does not say which Ncert 10th Class Political Science Book In Hindi Pdf To English m inist er will com e from which com m unit y. The photograph here is of a street address in Belgium.
You will notice that place names and directions in two languages French and Dutch. Apart from the Central and the State Government, there is a Lorem lpsum 297 boatplans/10th/economics-10th-ncert-pdf-site check this out kind of government. This community government is elected by people belonging to one language community Dutch, French and German-speaking no matter where they live.
This government has the power regarding cultural, educational and language-related issues. You might find the Belgian model very complicated. It indeed is very complicated, even for people living in Belgium. But these arrangements have worked well so far. They helped to avoid civic strife between the two major communities and a possible division of the 10th ncert political science quartz on linguistic lines. When many countries of Europe came together to form the European.
Read any newspaper for one week and 10th ncert political science quartz ake clippings of news relat ed t Lorem lpsum 10th Ncert Political Science Finance 297 boatplans/wooden-kitchen/wooden-kitchens-childrens-reading more info ongoing conflict s or wars. A group 10th ncert political science quartz five st udent s could pool t heir clippings t oget her and Lorem lpsum 297 boatplans/plans/model-boat-plans-for-beginners model boat plans beginners t he following: Classify t hese conflict s by t heir locat ion your st at ploitical, I ndia, out side I ndia.
Find out t he cause of each of t hese conflict s. How m any of t hese are relat ed t o 10th ncert political science quartz sharing disput es? Which of t hese conflict s could wcience resolved by working out power sharing arrangem ent s? What do we learn from these two stories of Belgium and Sri Lanka?
Both are democracies. Yet, they dealt with the question of power sharing 10th ncert political science quartz. In Belgium, the leaders have realised that the unity of the country is possible only by respecting the feelings and interests of different communities. Such a realisation resulted in mutually acceptable arrangements for sharing power.
Sri Lanka shows us a contrasting example. It shows us that if a majority community wants to force its dominance over others and refuses to share power, it can undermine the unity of the country. So you are saying t hat sharing of power m akes us m ore powerful. Sounds odd! Let m e t sdience. Why power sharing is desirable? Thus, two quart sets of reasons po,itical be given in favour of power sharing.
Firstly, power sharing is good because quarzt helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups.
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