System of Distance Education SDE offer equal opportunities to pupils, students, downstream problems education and military experts, unemployment in all regions of the country and abroad to realize the human right to education and information. This system can be most adequately and flexibly respond to the needs of society and to ensure the implementation of the constitutional right to education of every citizen of the country.
LMS match the logic of the development of the education system and society as a whole, which are put downstream problems education the forefront the needs of each individual. The term downstream problems education learning� before the end of abode not downstream problems education the Russian-speaking and English-language educational literature. There are options such as �Distant Education� distant downstream problems education�distance learning� distant learning.
Some foreign researchers have a special role in downstream problems education telecommunications distance learning, define it as tele-education teletraining.
But still the most frequently used term �distance learning�. Technological bases of Distance Learning in the form of distance education downstream problems education in the early 20th century. Today in absentia can obtain a higher education, learn a foreign language, to prepare for university entrance. However, due to ill-established interaction between teachers and students, and the lack of control over the educational activity part-time students in the periods between sessions of the exam quality of such training is worse than what you can get at the full-time training.
Modern computer telecommunications can provide knowledge transfer and access to a variety of educational information on an equal basis, and sometimes more effective than the traditional means of teaching. Experiments have confirmed that the quality and structure of downstream problems education training courses, as well as the quality of teaching in distance education are often much better than with traditional forms of learning.
New electronic technologies, such as interactive discs CD-ROM, electronic downstream problems education boards, multimedia hypertext accessible via the Internet using interfaces Mosaic and WWW can not only ensure the active involvement of students in the learning process, but also allow you to manage this process in contrast to the most traditional learning environments.
The integration of sound, movement, image and text creates a new extraordinarily rich in its capabilities learning environment, which will increase with the development and the degree of involvement of students in the learning process. Interactive features used in the LMS programs and delivery systems allow the information to adjust and even encourage feedback and dialogue to ensure continued support, which is not possible in most traditional teaching systems.
As a rule, the introduction of distance learning of a certain level based on the existing infrastructure, including the presence of a base and a traditional educational institution training schemes. After all, most people intuitively see the introduction of new technologies for mechanical transfer of the traditional ways of organizing the learning process to a new technological base.
This view can not be ignored in the organization of distance learning, as subjects of the educational process, both as teachers and administrators are people considering distance learning as an extension of full-time study and who know their subject from the perspective of the traditional educational process. Therefore, it is important to determine what is the subject of implementation in terms of learning.
The choice of either option depends downstream problems education. If you choose as the subject of the introduction of individual training course downstream problems education will downstream problems education minimal, self-introduction are motivated teacher and specific aspects downstream problems education his work with his students.
In the case of deployment of distance education is necessary to adjust the entire process chain of training, starting with support for a single distance course and ending with the components associated with the preparation and optimization of the timetable, taking into account the various forms of training, all standard and non-standard situations, taking into account performance, relationship courses, etc.
In general, the task is daunting and without will and material support for management can not be solved. The next parameter is a form of education. Traditionally, these include: full-time, evening and distance learning. With distance learning has its own forms of downstream problems education. A student and a teacher there in the learning process both in parallel, using the means of communication and, accordingly, can simultaneously interact with each other onlineand successively, when the downstream problems education performs any work independently offline.
Distance learning system can use either the two forms of interaction parallel and serialor may be constructed downstream problems education one principle, and on the.
The choice of form will be determined by specific types of employment, volume of courses and the role of the teacher in it. Downstream problems education third option � the learning mode. These include modes of interaction of students with each other both within the study group and in the framework of the work in small groups. To technology should include those decisions that affect the delivery of educational material for students, organizing feedback and certification, communication teachers and students and management of the educational process.
Strictly speaking, there are technical means of virtually all components of distance learning. Another aspect associated with the regime of teachers involved in the provision and maintenance training courses. Always the teacher is working? Whether it is necessary to ensure that the learning process? We need a teacher to maintain the course or his assistants are needed? Downstream problems education many? Is the maintenance of a constant distance course or through certain time slots at the beginning of the semester-end?
These are questions that must be answered when considering a particular variant of distance learning. In conclusion, I would like to mention the problems to be faced in the downstream problems education of distance learning courses or distance learning. These include the need for authors to structure their own courses of study material, will inevitably adapt it to the requirements of the personal computer. For many people especially in the humanitiesthis process is not obvious, and extremely painful.
The conservatism of the teaching staff � not less difficult problem. It refers to the number of organizational and can lead to fatal consequences for the introduction of distance learning within the school. Laziness technical staff, whose responsibilities include the deployment of distance learning. We are faced with the fact that the person with jurisdiction over technological issues, give an inordinate amount of time discussing the options, instead take a proactive stance.
Therefore, for the deployment of distance learning requires a competent person. Downstream problems education those charged with the implementation of distance learning. If the teacher introduces the individual components of distance learning, he can say that this should be done within the framework of a corporate standard of educational institutions and when will this standard, no one knows! If you solve the problem within the institution, then surely there will be people usually really does nothing but love to talkwhich declared that all this is nonsense and should be done differently.
The need for constant maintenance of the course. Some people believe that, following the introduction of distance learning, it does not require maintenance. This is not so. AnvarovAlisher. Anvarov a. References: Agzamov A. Anvarov A. ISBN ���2. Anvarov, Alisher. Agzamov, A. Economic reform and investment priorities in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Comparative Economic Studies, 37 3downstream problems education Using modular object-oriented dynamic learning environment Staff development aspects of Namangan engineering pedagogical Agzamov A.
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Please try again later. What's On. Country and Farming. Public Notices. Advertise My Business. Must Read. To some degree, these patterns can be linked to the geographical resources themselves, with abundant shoreline, generally calm seas, and steady winds favouring the use of sailing vessels, and fertile valleys and plains�at least in the Greater Sunda Islands�permitting irrigated rice farming.
The heavily forested, mountainous interior hinders overland communication by road or river, but fosters slash-and-burn agriculture. Each of these patterns of ecological and economic adaptation experienced tremendous pressures during the s and s, with rising population density , soil erosion , river-bed siltation , and water pollution from agricultural pesticides and off-shore oil drilling. In the coastal commercial sector, for instance, the livelihood of fishing people and those engaged in allied activities.
Fishermen in northern Java experienced marked declines in certain kinds of fish catches and by the mids saw the worst virtual disappearance of the fish in some areas. Effluent from fertiliser plants in Gresik in northern Java polluted ponds and killed milkfish fry and young shrimp. The pollution of the Strait of Malacca between Malaysia and Sumatra from oil leakage from the Japanese supertanker Showa Maru in January was a major environmental disaster for the fragile Sumatran coastline.
The danger of supertanker accidents also increased in the heavily trafficked strait. The coastal commercial sector suffered from environmental pressures on the mainland, as well. Soil erosion from upland deforestation exacerbated the problem of siltation downstream and into the sea. Silt deposits covered and killed once-lively coral reefs , creating mangrove thickets and making harbour access increasingly difficult, if not impossible, without massive and expensive dredging operations.
Although overfishing by Japanese and American "floating factory" fishing boats was officially restricted in Indonesia in , the scarcity of fish in many formerly productive waters remained a matter of some concern in the early s.
As Indonesian fishermen improved their technological capacity to catch fish, they also threatened the total supply. However, Indonesia has been losing its forest every year where in , , hectares of forest were lost although this figure is lower than Water pollution is caused by both industrial and domestic waste. Indonesian government has regulated industrial in which companies are required to meet the wastewater standard.
Indonesia was also a pioneer in public disclosure of industrial pollution data through a program called Program for Pollution Control, Evaluation and Rating PROPER [7] which has been implemented since PROPER incentivizes industries to disclose their pollution data by giving a rating based on their performance, hence affecting their reputation.
On the other hand, domestic water pollution is produced by households who dump trash and wastewater from household activities, such as bathing, washing, open defecation, etc. These behaviours are not always realized as the problem will be more apparent when the domestic wastewater has accumulated from all households, and caused eutrophication. Both sources of pollution do not only deplete surface water quality, but also the groundwater.
The chemical compounds from both industrial and domestic waste can sneak through the soil and when the groundwater is relatively shallow, these contaminants will mix with the clean water. In addition, information dissemination related to water pollution, albeit required by law, is limited which makes communities vulnerable to the impacts of water pollution. It was a large-scale air quality disaster.
In , the air quality in Singapore sank to its lowest in 15 years due to smoke from Sumatran fires. Singapore urged Indonesia to do more to prevent illegal burning. A different, but related, set of environmental pressures arose in the s and s among the rice-growing peasants living in the plains and valleys.
Rising population densities and the consequent demand for arable land gave rise to serious soil erosion , deforestation due to the need for firewood , and depletion of soil nutrients.
Runoff from pesticides polluted water supplies in some areas and poisoned fish ponds. Although national and local governments appeared to be aware of the problem, the need to balance environmental protection with pressing demands of a hungry population and an electorate eager for economic growth did not diminish.
Major problems faced the mountainous interior regions of Kalimantan , Sulawesi and Sumatra. These problems included deforestation, soil erosion, massive forest fires, and even desertification resulting from intensive commercial logging�all these threatened to create environmental disasters. The disastrous scale of this fire was made possible by the piles of dead wood left behind by the timber industry. Even discounting the calamitous effects of the fire, in the mids Indonesia's deforestation rate was the highest in Southeast Asia, at 7, km 2 per year and possibly as much as 10, km 2 per year.
Although additional deforestation came about as a result of the government-sponsored Transmigration Program transmigrasi in uninhabited woodlands, in some cases the effects of this process were mitigated by replacing the original forest cover with plantation trees, such as coffee , rubber , or palm.
In many areas of Kalimantan large sections of forest were cleared, with little or no systematic effort at reforestation. Although reforestation laws existed, they were rarely or only selectively enforced, leaving the bare land exposed to heavy rainfall, leaching , and erosion. Because commercial logging permits were granted from Jakarta , the local inhabitants of the forests had little say about land use, but in the mids, the government, through the Department of Forestry, joined with the World Bank to develop a forestry management plan.
The efforts resulted in the first forest inventory since colonial times, seminal forestry research, conservation and national parks programs, and development of a master plan by the Food and Agriculture Organization FAO of the United Nations.
Eutrophication is a big word that describes a big problem in the nation's estuaries. Harmful algal blooms , dead zones , and fish kills are the results of a process called eutrophication � which occurs when the environment becomes enriched with nutrients, increasing the amount of plant and algae growth to estuaries and coastal waters.
Sixty-five percent of the estuaries and coastal waters in the contiguous U. Excessive nutrients lead to algal blooms and low-oxygen hypoxic waters that can kill fish and seagrass and reduce essential fish habitats. Many of these estuaries also support bivalve mollusk populations e. Eutrophication sets off a chain reaction in the ecosystem, starting with an overabundance of algae and plants.
The excess algae and plant matter eventually decompose, producing large amounts of carbon dioxide. This lowers the pH of seawater, a process known as ocean acidification. Acidification slows the growth of fish and shellfish and can prevent shell formation in bivalve mollusks.
This leads to a reduced catch for commercial and recreational fisheries, meaning smaller harvests and more expensive seafood.
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