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NCERT Solution for Class 10 Social Science Economics Chapter 1 - Development | AESL

There are many aspects of unequal situations in a ncert solutions of class 10th economics office and poor enforcement of rules and regulations. Hence, there is a need to sensitise learners and encourage them to participate in the consumer movement. This chapter provides case histories how some consumers were exploited in a real life situation and how legal institutions helped consumers in getting compensated and in upholding ncert solutions of class 10th economics office rights as consumers.

The case histories would enable the students to link these narratives to their life experiences. We have to enable students to understand that the awareness of being a wellinformed consumer arose out of consumer movement and active participation of people through their struggles over a long period.

This chapter also provides details of a few organisations helping consumers in different ways. Finally it ends with some critical issues of the consumer movement in India. It would be preferred that students discuss these in groups orally. Some of these could be answered in writing individually. While carrying out each activity you could start with a brainstorming session about the activity.

Similarly there are many opportunities for role-play in this chapter and this could be a useful way to share their experiences and understand the issues at a deeper level. Making posters collectively is another way to think about these issues. This lesson solutiobs activities, which require visits visit to consumer protection councils, consumer organisations, consumer court, retail shops, market places. Organise the visits to maximise learners experience.

As part of this chapter, the learners may do letter-writing and speaking activities. We may have to be sensitive to the language aspect of exercises. This chapter contains materials collected from authenticated websites, books, newspapers and magazines.

Another website www. It publishes a variety of materials to create consumer ncert solutions of class 10th economics office in India. They need to be shared among learners so that they can also ncert solutions of class 10th economics office materials as part of their activities. For example, case histories were taken from newspaper clippings and consumers who fought in consumer courts.

Let learners collect and read such materials from different sources: consumer protection councils, consumer courts and internet. Why did the people go to the consumer court offixe these cases? These verdicts came about because some people persisted and struggled to get justice. In what ways were they denied justice? More importantly. As producers of goods and services we could be working in any of the sectors solutiohs earlier such as agriculture, industry, or services.

Consumers participate in the market when they purchase goods and services that they need. These are the final goods that people as consumers use. In the preceding chapters we discussed the need for rules and regulations or steps that would promote development.

These could be for the protection of workers in the unorganised sector or to protect people from high interest rates charged by moneylenders in the informal sector. Similarly, rules and regulations are also required for protecting the environment.

For example, moneylenders in the informal sector that you read ceonomics in Chapter 3 adopt various tricks to bind the borrower: they could make the producer sell the produce to them at a low rate in return for a timely loan; they could force a small farmer like Swapna to sell her land to pay back the loan. Similarly, many people who work in the unorganised sector have to work ecknomics a low wage and accept conditions that are ot fair and are also often harmful to their health.

To prevent such exploitation, we have talked of rules lcass regulations for their protection. There are organisations that have struggled for long to ensure that these rules are followed. Likewise, rules and regulations are required for the protection of the consumers in the marketplace. Individual consumers ncert solutions of class 10th economics office find themselves in a weak position.

Whenever there is a complaint regarding a good or service that had been bought, the seller tries to shift all the responsibility on to the buyer.

Their position usually is If you didnt like what you bought, please go. As if the seller has ncert solutions of class 10th economics office responsibility once a sale is completed! The consumer movement, as we shall discuss later, is an or to change this situation. Exploitation 10fh the marketplace happens in various ways.

Markets do not work in a fair manner ncert solutions of class 10th economics office producers are few and powerful whereas consumers purchase in small amounts and are scattered.

This happens especially when large companies are producing these goods. These companies with huge wealth, power and reach can manipulate the ncert solutions of class 10th economics office in various ways. At times false information is passed on through the media, and other sources to attract consumers. For example, a company for years sold powder milk for babies all.

It took years of struggle before the company was offkce to accept that it had been making false claims. Similarly, a long battle had to be fought with Class 10th Economics Chapter 3 Ncert Solutions Ag sloutions cases to make cigarettemanufacturing companies accept that their product could cause cancer. Hence, there is a need for rules and regulations to ensure protection for consumers.

What are the various ways by which people may be exploited in the market? Think of one example from your experience where you thought that there was some cheating in the market. Discuss in the classroom. What do you think should be the role of government to protect consumers?

There was no legal system available to consumers to protect them edonomics exploitation in the marketplace. For a long time, when a consumer was not happy with a particular brand product or shop, he or she generally avoided buying that brand product, or would stop purchasing from that shop.

It was presumed that it was the responsibility of ncert solutions of class 10th economics office to be careful while buying a commodity or service. It took many years for organisations in India, and around the world, to create awareness amongst people. This has also shifted the responsibility of ensuring quality of goods and services on the sellers. In Ecoonomics, the consumer movement as a social force originated with the necessity of protecting and promoting the interests of consumers against unethical and unfair trade practices.

Rampant food shortages, hoarding, black marketing, adulteration of food and edible oil gave birth to the consumer movement in an organised form in the s. Till the s, consumer organisations were largely engaged in writing articles and holding exhibitions. They formed consumer groups to look into the malpractices in ration shops and overcrowding in the road passenger transport. More recently, India witnessed an upsurge in the number of consumer groups.

This was ncert solutions of class 10th economics office tool for nations to adopt measures to protect consumers and for consumer advocacy groups to press their governments to do so. At the international level, this has become the foundation for consumer movement.

Today, Consumers International has become an umbrella body of organisations from over countries. Because of all ofrice efforts, the movement succeeded in bringing pressure on business firms as well as government to econoomics business conduct which may be unfair and against the interests of consumers at large.

What could have Class 10th Economics Chapter 3 Ncert Solutions 5?? been the steps taken by consumer groups? There may be rules and regulations but they are often not followed. An ENT surgeon perfor med the tonsillectomy operation under general anaesthesia. As a result of improper anaesthesia Reji showed symptoms of some brain abnormalities because of which he was crippled for life.

His father filed a complaint in the State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission claiming compensation of Rs 5,00, for medical negligence and deficiency, in service. The State Commission, saying that the evidence was not sufficient dismissed it.

The National Commission after looking into the complaint, held the hospital responsible for medical negligence and directed ecoonmics to pay the compensation. Rejis suffering shows how a hospital, due to negligence by the doctors and staff in giving anaesthesia, crippled a student for life. While using many goods and services, we as consumers, have the right to be protected against the marketing of goods and delivery of services that are hazardous to life and property.

Producers need to strictly follow the required safety rules and regulations. There are many goods and services that we purchase that require special attention to safety.

For example, pressure cookers have a safety valve which, if it is defective, can cause a serious accident. The manufacturers of the safety valve have to ensure high quality. You also need public or government action to see that this quality is maintained.

However, we do find bad quality products in the market because the supervision of these rules is weak soluyions the consumer movement is also not strong. Find out any case of accident or negligence from people around you, where you think that the responsibility lay with the producer. Information about goods and services When you buy any commodity, you will find certain details given on the packing.

These details are about ingredients used, price, batch number, date of manufacture, expiry date and the address of the manufacturer. When we buy medicines, on the packets, you might find directions for proper use and information relating to side effects and risks associated with usage of that medicine.

When you buy garments, you will find information on instructions for washing. Why is it that rules have been made so that the manufacturer displays this information?

It is because consumers have the right to be informed about the particulars of goods and services that they purchase. Consumers can then complain and ask for compensation or replacement if the product proves to be defective in any manner. For example, if we buy a. If the expiry period was not printed, ncert solutions of class 10th economics office manufacturer would blame the shopkeeper and will not accept the responsibility.

If people sell medicines that have expired severe action can be taken against. Similarly, one can protest and complain if ncert solutions of class 10th economics office sells a good at more than the printed price on the packet. This is indicated by MRP maximum retail price. In fact consumers can bargain with the seller to ncert solutions of class 10th economics office at less than the MRP.

In recent times, the right to information has been expanded to cover various services provided by the Government.

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Moreover, it is considered an important subject for board examinations, and therefore, the levels have been set higher. This online material explains all the important points and concisely lists them. It also has several model questions and answers to prepare for any examination related to Class 10 Eco. If you study this solution set for Ch 1 Economics Class 10, this will help you in holistic preparation.

Examinations are justifications of your usurped knowledge. You do not have to write long answers to impress the examiners. You can mention the point-wise answers for questions asked in the exams. If students follow such rules, examiners will not be able to deduct any marks in the examination. In another country with same average income, one person may be extremely rich while others may be very poor.

So, the method of average income does not give correct picture of a country. This system hides disparities among people. The criterion used by World Bank: The average income, i. Human Development Index used by UNDP is better because it is a wider indicator in which besides per capital income, health and education are also included. By averages only one aspect income, size etc. All aspects or achievements are not compared.

As only one aspect is compared, it does not give true picture of different countries, persons or things. For example, students differ in height, health, talents and interests. The healthiest student may not be the most intelligent or topper in studies.

Similar is the case in respect of countries or states. A country may be ahead than the other country in one field but may lag behind in the other field. So averages do not give the correct picture.

It is correct to say that per capita income is not a useful criterion at all and should not be used to compare states due to reasons as mentioned below : Money cannot buy all the goods and services that you need to live well. Income by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services that citizens are able to use. There cannot be a pollution-free environment in a colony of rich people unless the whole community takes preventive steps.

Again a school may be opened for the children of the whole community than for one or two children of a rich person. Kerala has a better human development ranking than Punjab. In Kerala, Infant Mortality Rate is 11 in comparison to 49 in Punjab, where the per capita income is much more than Kerala.

It is? It is because Kerala has adequate basic health and educational facilities. Similarly in some states, the Public Distribution System PDS functions well and people get ration regularly whereas in some states ration shops do not function properly. At such places, people face a shortage of grains that affect their health. Thus it is clear that the states should not be compared on the basis of per capita income � alone.

Some of the examples of environmental degradation in the area are as follows : Air pollution has increased due to the emission of smoke from factories and vehicles.

There is an increase in water pollution due to shops and small factories in residential areas. There is noise pollution due to the use of loudspeakers at night and blowing of horns unnecessarily on the roads by different vehicles. People throw garbage wherever they want. Perhaps there is no provision for dustbins in the streets or roadsides. Sometimes people urinate in the open on the roadside due to a lack of public conveniences.

We can obtain per capita income of a country by calculating: [CBSE CCE ] a the total income of a person b by dividing the national income by the total population of a country c the total value of all goods and services d the total exports of the country 4.

Besides seeking more income, one way or the other, people also seek things like a equal treatment b freedom c security d all of them In , India came in the category of a Rich countries b Low-income countries c Developed countries d Medium income countries Number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of live children born in that particular year is known as a Death rate b Survival rate c Infant mortality rate d Life death rate Proportion of literate population in the 7 and above age group is called as a Knowledge rate b Literacy rate c Attendance rate d Excellence Rate In , Infant Mortality Rate in Kerala was a 49 b 11 c 60 d 22 So here are some ways with which you can prepare for the exams in a proper manner.

The Globalization and the Indian economy Class 10 solutions would help you to gain a basic understanding of the chapter and the key concepts. Understand Economics Terminologies Carefully. Chapter 4 along with other chapters in Economics comprises various key terms. Class 10th Economics Chapter 4 consists of key questions which need to be understood to gain a competitive edge over others.

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