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Moreover, it is a perfect guide to help you to score good marks in CBSE board examination. With the aim of imbibing skills and hard work among the students, the 10th class maths NCERT solutions have been designed. Real Numbers Class 10 has total of four exercises consists of 18 Problems. Other topics included are Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic, important properties of positive integers, fraction to decimals and decimals to a fraction.
Polynomials Class 10 has total of four exercises consists of 13 Questions. Problems related to finding polynomials, Properties zeros and coefficient, long division of polynomials, finding a quadratic polynomial, finding zeros of polynomials are scoring topics.
Pair of Linear Equations Class 10 has total of seven exercises consists of 55 Problems. The problems will be based on concepts like linear equations in two variables, algebraic methods for solving linear equations, elimination method, cross-multiplication method Time and Work, Age, Boat Stream and equations reducible to a pair of linear equations these answers will give you ease in solving problems related to linear equations.
Quadratic Equations Class 10 has total of four exercises consists of 24 Problems. The Questions are related to find roots of quadratic equations and convert world problem into quadratic equations are easily scoring topics in board exams. Arithmetic Progressions Class 10 has total of four exercises consists of 49 Problems. Triangles Class 10 has total of six exercises consists of 64 Problems. The Questions are based on properties of triangles and 9 important theorems which are important in scoring good marks in CBSE Class 10 Exams.
Coordinate Geometry Class 10 has total of four exercises consists of 33 Problems. The Questions related to finding the distance between two points using their coordinates, Area of Triangle, Line divided in Ratio Section Formula are important models in class 10 boards. Introduction to Trigonometry Class 10 has total of four exercises consists of 27 Problems.
The questions based on trigonometric ratios of specific angles, trigonometric identities and trigonometric ratios of complementary angles are the main topics you will learn in this chapter. Some Applications of Trigonometry Class 10 has one exercise consists of 16 Problems. In this chapter, you will be studying about real life applications of trigonometry and questions are based on the practical applications of trigonometry. Metals replace hydrogen from dilute acids, where as non-metals do not.
Carbonate and sulphide ores are usually converted into oxides during the process of extraction. Solution: i. Metals are electropositive in nature. They readily lose electrons. These electrons reduce the protons liberated from the acid to liberate hydrogen gas, where as non-metals possess a tendency to gain electrons and hence they do not furnish electrons to protons liberated from acids.
Hence H 2 gas is not liberated. As it is easier to reduce metal oxides to metal, prior to reduction, metal sulphides and carbonates must be converted to oxides. Question 7 Differentiate between metals and non-metals on the basis of their chemical properties. Question 8 Explain why the surface of some metals acquires a dull appearance when exposed to air for a long time. Solution: This is due to the surface oxidation of metals when exposed to moist air. For e. CuCO 3. Similarly silver becomes black due to the formation of black Ag 2 S and Aluminium forms a white coating of Al2O3 on its surface.
Question 9 State which of the following metals would give hydrogen when added to dilute hydrochloric acid. Iron, ii. Copper iii. Magnesium Copper does not react with dilute hydrochloric acid at all.
This shows that copper is even less reactive than iron. Question 10 Name a non-metallic element, which conducts electricity. Solution: Carbon in the form of graphite conducts electricity, as there is a free electron in each carbon atom, which moves freely in between the hexagonal layers. Question 11 Which metals do not corrode easily? Solution: Gold and platinum and other noble metals do not corrode in air.
Question 12 What are alloys? Solution: Alloys are homogeneous mixtures of two or more metals, or a metal and a non-metal. Question 13 Define the following terms. Example: Alums, K 2 SO 4. Bauxite Al 2 O 3. All minerals are not ores but all ores are minerals. The impurity of sand and rock materials present in the ore is known as gangue. Question 14 Name two metals that are found in nature in the free state. Solution: Gold and platinum are found in the free state in nature.
Question 15 What is chemical process used for obtaining a metal from its oxide? Question 16 Name two metals, which can form hydrides with metals. Solution: Sodium and calcium form stable hydrides on reacting with hydrogen.
Question 17 Does every mineral have a definite and a fixed composition? Solution: Yes, every mineral has a definite and a fixed composition. These minerals are formed as a result of chemical changes taking place during the formation of earth.
Class 10 metals and nonmetals Question 18 Explain the meaning of malleable and ductile. Ductile is being able to be drawn into thin wires. Question 19 i. Write the electron dot structures for sodium, oxygen and magnesium. Show the formation of MgO and Na 2 O by the transfer of electrons. What are the ions present in these compounds? Formation of Magnesium oxide When magnesium reacts with oxygen, the magnesium atom transfers its two outermost electrons to an oxygen atom.
Formation of Sodium oxide Two sodium atoms transfer their 2 outermost electrons to an oxygen atom. And by gaining two electrons, the oxygen atom forms an oxide ion O Question 20 You must have seen tarnished copper vessels being cleaned with lemon or tamarind juice. Solution: The sour substances such as lemon or tamarind juice contain acids. These acids dissolve the coating of copper oxide or basic copper carbonate present on the surface of tarnished copper vessels and make them shining red-brown again.
Question 21 Give an example of a metal which i. Mercury is in liquid state at room temperature. Sodium and potassium are soft metals which can be easily cut with a knife.
Silver is the best conductor of electricity. Mercury is a poor conductor of heat. Question 22 Why is sodium kept immersed in kerosene? Solution: Sodium metal is kept immersed in kerosene to prevent their reaction with oxygen, moisture and carbon dioxide of air.
Question 23 Why do ionic compounds have high melting points? Solution: These compounds are made up of positive and negative ions. There is a strong force of attraction between the oppositively charged ions, so a lot of heat energy is required to break this force of attraction and melt the ionic compounds.
This is why ionic compounds have high melting points. Question 24 A man went door to door posing as a goldsmith. The lady was upset but after a futile argument the man beat a hasty retreat. Can you play the detective to find out the nature of the solution he had used?
Solution: Aqua regia By volume, this contains 3 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 1 part of concentrated nitric acid is the solution, which is used to sparkle the bangles like new, but their weight will be reduced drastically. Question 25 Write equations for the reactions of i iron with water ii calcium and potassium with water Solution:. Question 26 What would you observe when zinc is added to a sodium of iron II sulphate?
Write the chemical reaction that takes place? Solution: Zinc is more reactive more electro positive than iron. Therefore it displaces iron from its salt solution. The colour of ferrous sulphate is pale green which becomes colourless. Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 27 Pratyush took sulphur powder on a spatula and heated it.
He collected the gas evolved by inverting a test-tube over the burning sulphur. What will be the action of this gas on: Dry litmus paper?
Moist litmus paper? Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction taking place. Solution: a When sulphur is brunt in air then sulphur dioxide gas is formed. Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 1. Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 2. He placed an iron strip in each of them. In which test tube, he found a brown deposit? Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 3. Aluminium sulphate and copper sulphate solutions were taken in two test tubes I and II respectively.
A few pieces of iron filings were then added to both the solutions. The four students A, B, C and D recorded their observations in the form of a table as given below:.
Which student has recorded the correct observation? Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 4. Metal pieces of iron and zinc were dropped in the two solutions and observations made after several hours were recorded in the form of table as given below:.
Which student has given the correct report? Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 5. HCl, cone. HNO 3 and a mixture of cone. HCl and cone. A small piece of metal was put in each test tube. HNO 3 in the ratio of 3 : 1 is known as aqua-regia.
Gold Au and platinum Pt dissolve only in aqua-regia as these metals are very less reactive. Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 6. As aluminium is more reactive than iron, it displaces iron from ferrous sulphate solution. Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 7. Aluminium is used for making cooking utensils.
Which of the following properties of aluminium are responsible for the same? Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 8. If copper is kept open in air, it slowly loses its shining brown surface and gains a green coating. Metals and Non-Metals There 92 well known naturally occurring minerals of which 70 are metals and rest 20 are the non-metals. Protective metal oxide layer prevents the metal from further oxidation such as found in Al, Zn, Pb etc. HC1 to evolve H 2 gas. Reaction with Solutions of other Metal Salts.
Reactive metals can displace less reactive metals from their compounds in solution or molten state. At some places, minerals contain a very high percentage of a particular metal and the metal can be profitably extracted from it.
These minerals arc called ores. Corrosion Corrosion is the deterioration of materials by chemical interaction with their environment for e. Prevention: The rusting of iron can be prevented by painting, oiling, greasing, galvanising, chrome plating, anodising or making alloys.
Enrichment of Ores Ores mined from the earth are usually contaminated with large amounts of impurities such as soil, sand, etc. The impurities must be removed from the ore prior to the extraction of the metal. The processes used for removing the gangue from the ore are based on the differences between physical or chemical properties of the gangue and the ore.
Extraction of Metals. The metals are deposited at the cathode whereas chlorine is liberated at anode. Now that you are provided all the necessary information regarding NCERT solutions for class 10 science chapter 3 Metals and Non Metals and we hope this detailed article on metal and nonmetal class 10 notes is helpful.
If you find any doubts regarding this article or NCERT solutions for class 10 science chapter 3 Metals and Non Metals, leave your comments in the comment section below and we will get back to you as soon as possible. What happens when metals react with water? What happens when metals react with acids? Question 2 Name two metals which are found in nature in the free state.
Answer: Gold and platinum Question 3 What chemical process is used for obtaining a metal from its oxide. Zinc oxide 2. Magnesium oxide 3. Copper oxide In which cases will you find displacement reactions taking place? The displacement will take place in the following cases : Metal Zinc Magnesium Copper 1. Zinc oxide � Displacement � 2. Magnesium oxide � � � 3. Copper oxide Displacement Displacement � Question 2 Which metals do not corrode easily?
Answer: Gold and Platinum. Answer: Ways to prevent rusting of iron are : a By painting b By galvanizing Question Solution: Question 8 Explain why the surface of some metals acquires a dull appearance when exposed to air for a long time. Solution: ii.
Question 25 Write equations for the reactions of i iron with water ii calcium and potassium with water Solution: Question 26 What would you observe when zinc is added to a sodium of iron II sulphate? Black deposit Which student has given the correct report? So, ii Zn is more reactive than Fe, so it displaces iron as follows: Metals and nonmetals class 10 Question 5.
They do not have shining surface except iodine. These are soft and can be cut with knife. Generally soft except diamond hardest natural substance State Exist as solids except mercury. Exist as solids or gases except bromine. Malleability Can be beaten into thin sheets.
Non-malleable Ductility Can be drawn into thin wires.
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