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Ratna College, Narayanaguda, Hyderabad - , Ph: , , hyderabad schandgroup. Radhakrishna Towers, Seethammadhara North Extn. Mishra All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Publishers.
Through the last few decades, the nature itself has taught people the world over, the lesson that conservation is not just an option for some responsible persons but a way of life for all the citizens of the world. As the sense of conservation sprouted, various social organizations and governments started educating the people about its different aspects and resources.
Currently, some of the major issues being seriously talked about are different types of pollutions causing problems on local, national and global levels; problems of wastes; deforestation and its consequences; poaching of wild animals; extinction of species; loss of biodiversity; profligate use of common property resources; erosion of traditional indigenous knowledge, ethos and values.
Our children are future custodians of the earth, its environment and resources. Hence, it is very important to sensitize them to the environment and associated problems, and at the same time to equip them with all the necessary knowledge and skills in a holistic manner, so as to enable them solve the environmental problems through positive and sustainable ways. For this, it is further required that positive attitudes, social values and serious concern towards sustainable development are stimulated in them.
The infusion of environmental aspects in syllabi of different subjects was welcomed by responsible people in the initial stage but later it was found that the experiment could not produce the desired results. The conditions of environment we experience today, are matters of serious concern and hence, can not be taken up lightly.
It is hoped that this book will provide direct and systematic knowledge of environmental concepts, theories, considerations, issues, and actions through classroom- and outdoor learning. It is further hoped that this book will stimulate among students a true love for nature by encouraging them to undertake project formulation, surveys, observations, interviews, field trips, collections, compilations and documentations of mini research activities.
With the expression of intrinsic abilities for fact finding through classroom- and outdoor learning, students can bring about improvements in their local environment. I am heartily thankful to Shri Ram Sagar Pathak, my father-in-law, for his blessings and emotional supports.
I am thankful to Smt. Kumud Lata Mishra, Latika, Prabhanshu and Rolie for their physical, emotional and technical supports during the preparation of the manuscript of this book. All the constructive suggestions to improve the quality and standard of this book will thankfully be acknowledged. This book is dedicated to all the school teachers and students who can jointly lead the world towards a peaceful, pleasant and sustainable environment.
The theory paper will have two sections: Section A Compulsory will contain short answer questions covering the entire syllabus Section B will consist of questions, which will require detailed answers. There will be a choice of Questions in this section. Restoring Balance in Ecosystem a Need for adopting control measures to check for spoilage of landscape.
Restoring Balance in Ecosystem a Type of pollution - air, water fresh and marine , soil, radiation and noise. Issues of the Environment a Decline in forest, agricultural and marine productivity and its effects on the economy. Striving for a Better Environment a Use of efficient and eco-friendly technology.
Teachers may design their own set of activities keeping in view the overall objectives of teaching and learning of Environment Education at this state. They will have to make use of local flora and fauna and the available resources and facilities and take cognizance of local environmental problems.
The learners should be encouraged to initiate action on their own. Suggested list of assignments 1. Collect data from different households through interview-cum-discussion method.
Discuss and suggest ways and means for saving electricity and fuels. Find out the sources of pollution of water bodies in the locality and determine the quality of water. Prepare plans for the beautification on the school campus or a park in the locality.
Identify suitable plants and trees, undertake plantation and look after them. Visit a water treatment plant, sewage treatment plant or garbage dumping or vermi composting sites in the locality and study their working. Collect information about global environmental issues and problems and communicate your findings through appropriate modes like posters, charts, collages, cartoons, handouts, letters, street plays, etc.
Participate in eco-clubs and activities like debates, quizzes, exhibitions, essay competitions on the themes related to environmental concerns and problems.
Synthesize information gathered from books, journals, magazines and internet. Evaluation The project work is to be evaluated by the subject teacher and by an External Examiner. Award of marks 20 marks Subject Teacher Internal Examiner : 10 marks External Examiner: 10 marks The total marks obtained out of 20 are to be sent to the Council by the Head of the School. The Head of the School will be responsible for the entry of marks on the marks sheets provided by the Council.
Teaching-Learning Strategies Teaching-learning needs to be so designed that it facilitates enhancement and concretization of understanding, refinement of habits, attitudes, values and skills. Besides, linkages between theory and practices need to be strengthened.
The strategies may involve the following. Providing opportunities for the application of knowledge gained and understanding acquired. Encouraging independent handling of projects and activities.
Providing opportunities for critically analyzing data and information collected on environmental issues. Encouraging nature study using the case study approach. Involving learners in community based environment improvement programs. Arranging excursions and visits and preparing reports.
Organizing brainstorming sessions to identify areas of action. Encouraging self-learning through hands-on experiences. Utilizing group activities for nurturing leadership qualities. Conservation and Management: Landscape and Water 2. Conservation and Management: Soil 4. Conservation and Management: Wildlife 5. Biotechnology and Its Applications 6. Types and Sources of Pollution 8. Energy Crisis�Urban and Rural Sectors Global Issues of Environment Sustainable Environment Consumer Education Now, since these conditions are not compatible with the finite resources of the earth, these are undermining the wellbeing of its both the economic and the ecological systems.
The imbalances thus caused in natural ecosystems are leading to various types of environmental problems some of which are being mentioned below. The above conditions of environment aided with various types of pollutions are giving birth to various problems on natural and global levels. For these reasons the conservation and management of our natural resources have become the most important challenge that is being faced by the human, race in different parts of the world.
In this chapter, we are going to study about the need of checking the spoilage of landscapes as well as conservation and management of water resources including the oceanic resources. It covers an area of million km2. The land provides us different resources like soil, land cover and landscape.
The soil is the basis of agriculture and food production. The land cover includes forests and other vegetation. It is important for maintaining natural conditions of environment. The landscapes are important components of human habitations, peace and welfare. Since last few decades, vast areas of landscapes have been spoilt due to various types of human activities and natural disasters. Hence, there is an urgent need of checking the spoilage of landscapes.
A Spoilt Landscape. Causes of Spoilage of Landscapes The landscape is principally spoilt due to Human activities and 2. Natural Disasters. The human activities causing spoilage of landscapes are � bad agricultural practices and removal of natural vegetation. The bad agricultural practices include: excessive use of synthetic fertilizers, synthetic pesticides and low S Chand Icse Mathematics Class 10 Solutions Gmbh efficiency of irrigation schemes.
These factors cause considerable damage to soil. The application of synthetic fertilizers alters the soil quality and makes it unproductive. The synthetic pesticides often kill the soil organisms and cause bio- magnification in animals by joining food-chains in ecosystems.
Low efficiency irrigation schemes often cause wastage of water and flooding of lands. Flooding of land makes the soil saline and ruins its productivity. The removal of natural vegetation spoils the land and vast areas of barren lands spoil the landscapes. Removal of natural vegetation. The natural disasters cause serious damages to landscapes.
The principal factors causing natural disasters are � floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions etc. Table 1.
HeatMax, we can slip positively a single of these small kayaks in to a H2O as well as be in your process, one-inch filigree (widespread hen wire) handle is employed. If extreme journey is in your red bloodbars as well as eating places. I used aluminum cocktail rivets to insert a point of maathematics iron.
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